Shloka 23

कौशल्यारामसंवादः

Kausalya–Rama Dialogue on Exile-Dharma

Devanagari script

यथा मयि तु निष्क्रान्ते पुत्रशोकेन पार्थिवः।श्रमं नावाप्नुयात्किञ्चिदप्रमत्ता तथा कुरु।।2.24.23।।

Transliteration

yathā mayi tu niṣkrānte putra-śokena pārthivaḥ | śramaṃ nāvāpnuyāt kiñcid apramattā tathā kuru || 2.24.23 ||

Translation

నేను వెళ్లిపోయిన తరువాత పుత్రశోకంతో రాజుకు స్వల్పమైనా శ్రమ గాని బాధ గాని కలగకుండా—నీవు అప్రమత్తంగా అలాగే చేయుము।

Word by Word

• यथा: so that, in such a way that
• यथा: Sambandha-bodhaka (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; उपमान/प्रकारवाचक (as/so that)

• मयि: when I (am), in my case
• मयि: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सप्तमी-विभक्ति (अधिकरण), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• तु: but, indeed
• तु: Sambandha-bodhaka (सम्बन्ध/निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; विरोध/अन्वय-निपात (but/indeed)

• निष्क्रान्ते: when (I) have departed
• निष्क्रान्ते: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: निष् + √क्रम् (धातु) (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; सति-सप्तमी (locative absolute) with मयि

• पुत्रशोकेन: by/with grief for (his) son
• पुत्रशोकेन: Hetu/Karaṇa (हेतु/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुत्र + शोक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (करण/हेतु), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (पुत्रस्य शोकः)

• पार्थिवः: the king
• पार्थिवः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पार्थिव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (कर्ता), एकवचन

• श्रमम्: strain, exhaustion
• श्रमम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्रम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (कर्म), एकवचन

• न: not
• न: Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निषेध-निपात

• अवाप्नुयात्: should obtain, should incur
• अवाप्नुयात्: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अव + √आप् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• किञ्चित्: even a little
• किञ्चित्: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: किम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) + चित् (निपात)
• Form: अव्यय; परिमाणवाचक (even a little/anything)

• अप्रमत्ता: attentive, vigilant (O you)
• अप्रमत्ता: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अप्रमत्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; संबोधनार्थे प्रथमा (addressing), विशेषण (to the addressee)

• तथा: thus, accordingly
• तथा: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; प्रकारवाचक

• कुरु: do
• कुरु: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √कृ (धातु)
• Form: लोट्-लकार (आज्ञार्थ/Imperative), परस्मैपद, मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन

Context

After my departure, you must see that the king is not overpowered by grief for his son and struggles as little as possible.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Kauśalyā
• Daśaratha (the king)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma here is compassion expressed as duty: even while accepting exile, Rāma prioritizes his father’s wellbeing and asks that grief be managed through attentive care.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāma instructs Kauśalyā about how to support Daśaratha after Rāma leaves for the forest.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rāma’s filial responsibility and selflessness—he worries about others’ suffering more than his own.