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Shloka 40

अयोध्याकाण्डे विंशः सर्गः

Rama Enters Kauśalyā’s Antaḥpura; Ritual Preparations and the Shock of Exile

अतो दुःखतरं किं नु प्रमदानां भविष्यति।मम शोको विलापश्च यादृशोऽयमनन्तकः।।।।

ato duḥkhataraṃ kiṃ nu pramadānāṃ bhaviṣyati | mama śoko vilāpaś ca yādṛśo ’yam anantakaḥ ||

అందువల్ల స్త్రీలకు దీనికన్నా గొప్ప దుఃఖం ఇంకేముంటుంది? నావంటి ఈ అంతులేని శోకమూ విలాపమూ—ఇదికన్నా బాధ ఏముంది?

अतःtherefore/then
अतः:
Hetu (हेतु)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootatas (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya (अव्यय), adverbial particle (कारण/हेतु-अर्थ)
दुःखतरम्more painful
दुःखतरम्:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootduḥkha-tara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormComparative (तर), Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative/Accusative (1/2), Singular (एकवचन); predicate with kiṃ
किम्what
किम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootkim (प्रातिपदिक)
FormInterrogative pronoun (प्रश्नवाचक सर्वनाम), Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative/Accusative (1/2), Singular (एकवचन)
नुindeed/then (question particle)
नु:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootnu (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya, interrogative/emphatic particle (प्रश्न/अनुनासिक)
प्रमदानाम्of women
प्रमदानाम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootpramadā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Genitive (6/षष्ठी), Plural (बहुवचन)
भविष्यतिwill be
भविष्यति:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootbhū (धातु)
FormLuṭ (लुट्, Simple future), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), Prathama-puruṣa (3rd person/प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)
ममmy
मम:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormSarvanāma, Genitive (6/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन)
शोकःsorrow
शोकः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootśoka (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
विलापःlamentation
विलापः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootvilāpa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1/प्रथमा), Singular
and
:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya, conjunction (समुच्चय)
यादृशःsuch/as is
यादृशः:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootyādṛśa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1/प्रथमा), Singular; correlates with ayam
अयम्this
अयम्:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootidam (प्रातिपदिक)
FormSarvanāma, Masculine, Nominative (1/प्रथमा), Singular
अनन्तकःendless
अनन्तकः:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootanantaka (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1/प्रथमा), Singular; predicate adjective to śoka/vilāpa

There cannnot be greater distress for any woman than such unending grief and lamentation (which I am now experiencing).

K
Kausalyā
R
Rāma

FAQs

It points to compassion as a dharmic necessity: when duty is pursued, the suffering of dependents—especially vulnerable family members—must be recognized as morally significant.

Kausalyā describes her grief as limitless, emphasizing the emotional devastation caused by Rāma’s exile.

Kausalyā’s vulnerability and sincerity are emphasized, presenting grief as an authentic human response rather than moral failure.