Valmiki Ramayana 2.102.47 — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 102, Shloka 47

पितृमरणश्रवणं जलक्रिया च

Hearing of Daśaratha’s death and the libation rites at Mandākinī

Devanagari script

तान्नरान्बाष्पपूर्णाक्षान्समीक्ष्याथ सुदुःखितान्।पर्यष्वजत धर्मज्ञः पितृवन्मातृवच्च सः।।।।

Transliteration

tān narān bāṣpa-pūrṇākṣān samīkṣyātha su-duḥkhitān |

paryaṣvajata dharmajñaḥ pitṛvan mātṛvac ca saḥ ||

Translation

కన్నీళ్లతో నిండిన కళ్లతో తీవ్ర దుఃఖంలో ఉన్న వారిని చూసి, ధర్మజ్ఞుడైన రాముడు తండ్రిలా, తల్లిలా స్నేహంతో వారిని ఆలింగనం చేసుకున్నాడు।

Word by Word

• तान्: those
• तान्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन, पुंलिङ्ग; सर्वनाम

• नरान्: men/people
• नरान्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन, पुंलिङ्ग

• बाष्पपूर्णाक्षान्: whose eyes were full of tears
• बाष्पपूर्णाक्षान्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: बाष्प-पूर्ण-अक्षि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: बहुव्रीहि-समास (बाष्पेण पूर्णे अक्षिणी यस्य), द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन, पुंलिङ्ग; विशेषण (नरान्)

• समीक्ष्य: having looked at/seen
• समीक्ष्य: Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: समीक्ष्य (कृदन्त; √ईक्ष् धातु, सम्- उपसर्ग)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्यय (Gerund), अव्ययभाव; पूर्वक्रिया (having seen)

• अथ: then
• अथ: Sambandha-bodhaka (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अनुक्रम/अनन्तर (then/thereupon)

• सुदुःखितान्: deeply distressed
• सुदुःखितान्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सु-दुःखित (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय (सु + दुःखित), द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन, पुंलिङ्ग; विशेषण (नरान्)

• पर्यष्वजत: embraced
• पर्यष्वजत: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √स्वज् (धातु, परि- उपसर्ग)
• Form: लङ् (Imperfect/Past), प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद

• धर्मज्ञः: knower of dharma
• धर्मज्ञः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धर्म-ज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (धर्मं जानाति), प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन, पुंलिङ्ग

• पितृवत्: like a father
• पितृवत्: Kriya-vishesana (क्रिया-विशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पितृवत् (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; उपमा/तुल्य-प्रयोग (like a father)

• मातृवत्: like a mother
• मातृवत्: Kriya-vishesana (क्रिया-विशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: मातृवत् (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; उपमा (like a mother)

• च: and
• च: Samucchaya-dyotaka (समुच्चय-द्योतक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय (and)

• सः: he (Rama)
• सः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन, पुंलिङ्ग; सर्वनाम

Context

Thereafter, beholding those people deeply afflicted, their eyes full of tears, Rama embraced them as if they were his own father and mother.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma as compassionate guardianship: a righteous leader treats subjects with parental care, responding to suffering with empathy rather than distance.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāma meets the grieving citizens and consoles them physically and emotionally by embracing them.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Karunā (compassion) joined to dharma-jñāna (moral wisdom): he understands duty yet remains tender-hearted.