Valmiki Ramayana 2.102.28 — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 102, Shloka 28

पितृमरणश्रवणं जलक्रिया च

Hearing of Daśaratha’s death and the libation rites at Mandākinī

Devanagari script

ततो मन्दाकिनीतीरात्प्रत्युत्तीर्य स राघवः।पितुश्चकार तेजस्वी निर्वापं भ्रातृभि सह।।।।

Transliteration

tato mandākinītīrāt pratyuttīrya sa rāghavaḥ | pituś cakāra tejasvī nirvāpaṃ bhrātṛbhiḥ saha ||

Translation

ఆపై తేజస్సుగల రాఘవుడు మందాకినీ తీరంనుండి పైకి ఎక్కి, అన్నదమ్ములతో కలిసి తండ్రికి నిర్వాపం (శ్రాద్ధకర్మ) నిర్వహించాడు।

Word by Word

• tataḥ: then/thereafter
• tataḥ: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tatas (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय (indeclinable adverb): क्रम/अनन्तरार्थे (sequence: then/thereafter)

• mandākinī-tīrāt: from the bank of the Mandākinī
• mandākinī-tīrāt: Apādāna (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mandākinī (प्रातिपदिक) + tīra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (neuter) ‘tīra’ समासान्त; पञ्चमी विभक्ति (ablative/5th), एकवचन (singular); षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः: मन्दाकिन्याः तीरम् (bank of Mandākinī)

• pratyuttīrya: having climbed up
• pratyuttīrya: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: prati-ud-√tṝ (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त अव्यय (gerund/absolutive): ‘having ascended/climbed up’; उपसर्गौ: प्रति + उद्

• saḥ: he
• saḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), प्रथमा विभक्ति (nominative/1st), एकवचन (singular)

• rāghavaḥ: Rāghava (Rāma)
• rāghavaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāghava (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• pituḥ: of (his) father
• pituḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pitṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी विभक्ति (genitive/6th), एकवचन; ‘of (his) father’

• cakāra: did/made
• cakāra: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √kṛ (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपदम

• tejasvī: powerful/illustrious
• tejasvī: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: tejasvin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (qualifier) of rāghavaḥ

• nivāpam: funeral offering (piṇḍa/oblation)
• nivāpam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nivāpa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (usage), द्वितीया विभक्ति (accusative/2nd), एकवचन

• bhrātṛbhiḥ: with (his) brothers
• bhrātṛbhiḥ: Sahakāraka (सहकारक)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhrātṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया विभक्ति (instrumental/3rd), बहुवचन (plural)

• saha: together with
• saha: Sahakāraka (सहकारक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: saha (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय (indeclinable postposition): सहार्थे (with)

Context

Then, the powerful scion of the Raghu race reached bank, from the bathing spot of the river Mandakini along with his brothers and offered pinda (an offering of rice flour to the departed) to his late lamented father.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma (Rāghava)
• Mandākinī River
• Daśaratha

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Ritual duty toward parents is upheld even in exile: dharma is action, not mere intention—Rāma completes the prescribed offerings with his brothers.

What is the narrative situation?

After bathing and libations, the brothers perform the next step of ancestral rites on the riverbank.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Responsibility and leadership in grief: Rāma guides the rite, embodying disciplined compassion.