Shloka 3

Brahmā’s Puṣkara Sacrifice: Kokāmukha Tīrtha, Varāha’s Aid, and the Arrival of Gāyatrī

Devanagari script

कथं यज्ञो हि देवेन विभुना तत्र कारितः । के सदस्या ऋत्विजश्च ब्राह्मणाः के समागताः

Transliteration

kathaṃ yajño hi devena vibhunā tatra kāritaḥ | ke sadasyā ṛtvijaśca brāhmaṇāḥ ke samāgatāḥ

Translation

అక్కడ సర్వశక్తిమంతుడైన దేవుడు యజ్ఞాన్ని ఎలా నిర్వహింపజేశాడు? సభ్యులు ఎవరు, ఋత్విజులు ఎవరు, ఏ ఏ బ్రాహ్మణులు అక్కడ సమాగమించారు?

Word by Word

• कथम्: how
• कथम्: Prashna (Interrogative)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: कथम् (अव्यय)
• Form: प्रश्न-अव्यय (interrogative adverb)

• यज्ञः: sacrifice
• यज्ञः: Karma/Pratipadya (Topic)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• हि: indeed
• हि: Sambandha (Discourse particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle; emphasis/indeed)

• देवेन: by the god
• देवेन: Kartr-karana (Agent expressed in instrumental)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• विभुना: by the mighty one
• विभुना: Visheshana (Qualifier of देवेन)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विभु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण

• तत्र: there
• तत्र: Adhikarana (Location)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तत्र (अव्यय)
• Form: देशवाचक-अव्यय (locative adverb)

• कारितः: was caused to be performed
• कारितः: Kriya (was caused to be done)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु) + णिच् (causative) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: णिजन्त-धातु (causative) भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• के: who (plural)
• के: Prashna (Interrogative subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: किम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; प्रश्नवाचक

• सदस्याः: members (of the assembly)
• सदस्याः: Karta (Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सदस्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• ऋत्विजः: priests (ṛtvij-s)
• ऋत्विजः: Karta (Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऋत्विज् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• ब्राह्मणाः: Brahmins
• ब्राह्मणाः: Karta (Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्राह्मण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• के: who (plural)
• के: Prashna (Interrogative subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: किम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; प्रश्नवाचक

• समागताः: assembled, came together
• समागताः: Kriya (have assembled)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम् + आ + गम् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि/कर्तरि कृदन्त (past participle; intransitive), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

Speaker

Unspecified questioner (a disciple/interlocutor within the dialogue)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: vira

Geographic Context

Type: tirtha

Sandhi Resolution Notes

Sandhi Resolution Notes: ऋत्विजश्च = ऋत्विजः + च

FAQs

What is being asked in this verse?

The verse asks for details of a specific yajña: how it was conducted, and who participated as ritual members (sadasya), officiating priests (ṛtvij), and assembled brāhmaṇas.

What do sadasya and ṛtvij mean in a yajña context?

Ṛtvij are the formal Vedic officiants who perform the ritual acts; sadasya are learned assistants/ritual members who support, supervise, and ensure correctness of procedure.

What ethical or spiritual emphasis is implied by asking who attended?

It underscores that sacred acts are defined not only by intention but also by proper conduct, qualified participants, and adherence to dharmic order in communal worship.