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Shloka 12

The Yayāti Episode

with the Glory of Mātā–Pitṛ Tīrtha

जराहीनो यदा स्यास्त्वं तदा ते सुप्रिया भवेत् । एवमंगीकृतं वाक्यं तयोक्तं गृहमागतः

jarāhīno yadā syāstvaṃ tadā te supriyā bhavet | evamaṃgīkṛtaṃ vākyaṃ tayoktaṃ gṛhamāgataḥ

నీవు జరాముక్తుడవైనప్పుడు ఆమె నీకు అత్యంత ప్రియురాలవుతుంది. వారి మాటను అంగీకరించి అతడు ఇంటికి తిరిగి వచ్చెను.

जराहीनःfree from old age
जराहीनः:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootजरā (प्रातिपदिक) + हीन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन; नञ्-तत्पुरुषार्थ: ‘जरया हीनः’ (devoid of old age)
यदाwhen
यदा:
Sambandha (Relation/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदा (अव्यय)
Formकालवाचक-अव्यय (temporal adverb)
स्याःyou may be / should become
स्याः:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु)
Formलोट्/विधिलिङ्?; here विधिलिङ् (optative), मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन; Parasmaipada; ‘you should be/may be’
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formप्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन; Nominative singular ‘you’
तदाthen
तदा:
Sambandha (Relation/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा (अव्यय)
Formकालवाचक-अव्यय (then)
तेto you
ते:
Sampradana (Recipient/सम्प्रदान)
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formचतुर्थी/षष्ठी विभक्ति, एकवचन; here चतुर्थी (recipient) ‘to you’
सुप्रियाvery dear
सुप्रिया:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता) (predicate with bhavet)
TypeAdjective
Rootसु (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + प्रिया (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्मधारय: ‘अतिशयेन प्रिया’
भवेत्would become
भवेत्:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootभू (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; Parasmaipada
एवम्thus
एवम्:
Sambandha (Relation/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम् (अव्यय)
Formप्रकारवाचक-अव्यय (adverb: thus)
अङ्गीकृतम्accepted
अङ्गीकृतम्:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootअङ्गी+कृ (धातु) → अङ्गीकृत (कृदन्त, क्त)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त; here qualifies vākyaṃ (acc.)
वाक्यम्statement
वाक्यम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootवाक्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन; Accusative singular
तयाby her
तया:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया विभक्ति, एकवचन; Instrumental singular ‘by her’
उक्तम्spoken
उक्तम्:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootवच् (धातु) → उक्त (कृदन्त, क्त)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त; qualifies vākyaṃ
गृहम्to the house
गृहम्:
Gati/Karma (Destination/गति)
TypeNoun
Rootगृह (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन; Accusative singular (goal)
आगतःcame, returned
आगतः:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootआ+गम् (धातु) → आगत (कृदन्त, क्त)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त; ‘having come’ (resultant state)

Unspecified in the provided excerpt (narrative voice reports a statement made by 'two' speakers).

Concept: A conditional promise—freedom from jarā as prerequisite for belovedness—highlights the human longing to reverse time; it implicitly points toward seeking higher, non-decaying fulfillment through dharma and devotion.

Application: Don’t bargain with impermanence; instead, invest in practices that mature the heart—regular worship, restraint, and service—so love becomes dharmic rather than possessive.

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Type: city

Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"At the threshold of his palace, the king pauses, holding the remembered words like a sealed promise: ‘When you are free from old age…’. Behind him, the garden encounter fades into mist, while ahead the palace doorway glows—suggesting the next chapter of discipline, ritual, or quest.","primary_figures":["the king","Viśālā (as a remembered presence)","the silent virtuous woman (as a distant figure)"],"setting":"palace gateway with a view back to a garden path and forward into a lamp-lit inner courtyard","lighting_mood":"golden dawn","color_palette":["warm gold","stone gray","lotus pink","deep teal","copper amber"],"tanjore_prompt":"Tanjore painting style: the king at a grand palace doorway, one hand lifted in acceptance of a vow-like promise, gold-leaf radiance on the threshold and ornaments, rich reds and greens, intricate archways with lotus motifs, gem-studded detailing emphasizing the solemn acceptance and return home.","pahari_prompt":"Pahari miniature style: a transitional scene with the king walking from garden to palace, delicate atmospheric mist behind, soft dawn tones, refined architecture and patterned textiles, emotional subtlety of acceptance and contemplation.","kerala_mural_prompt":"Kerala mural style: stylized palace threshold, the king in decisive stride, bold outlines and flat decorative space, warm yellows and reds with green accents, ornamental borders suggesting a narrative turn toward dharma.","pichwai_prompt":"Pichwai cloth painting style: threshold composition framed by lotus borders, the king centered with symmetrical architectural motifs, deep blues and gold highlights, peacocks near the doorway, intricate floral patterns symbolizing the promise and the cycle of time."}

Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"narrative","suggested_raga":"Desh","pace":"moderate-narrative","voice_tone":"serene","sound_elements":["footsteps on stone","doorway bells","morning birds","soft conch in distance"]}

Sandhi Resolution Notes: स्यास्त्वं = स्याः + त्वम् (ः + त् → स्त्). एवमंगीकृतं = एवम् + अङ्गीकृतम् (म् + अ → म). तयोक्तं = तया + उक्तम् (आ + उ → ओ). गृहमागतः = गृहम् + आगतः (म् + आ → मा).

FAQs

It presents a conditional promise: once someone becomes free from old age, a beloved woman will become (or remain) most dear to him; the verse then notes that he accepted this statement and returned home.

This excerpt alone does not identify them. “tayoḥ uktam” simply indicates that two individuals spoke the words; the specific identities require the surrounding verses of Adhyaya 78.

It highlights reliance on a stated condition and the act of assent (aṅgīkāra) to counsel or a promise—showing how decisions and subsequent actions (returning home) can hinge on accepted words.