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Shloka 38

Adhyaya 53Rudrasarga and the Measure of the Manvantaras: Svayambhuva Manu, Priyavrata’s Line, and the Seven Dvipas

न वै चतुर्युगावस्था नार्तवा ऋतवो न च ।

आग्नीध्रसूनोर्नाभेस्तु ऋषभो 'भूत् सुतो द्विज ॥

na vai caturyugāvasthā nārtavā ṛtavo na ca /

āgnīdhrasūnor nābhes tu ṛṣabho 'bhūt suto dvija

అక్కడ నాలుగు యుగాల వ్యవస్థ లేదు; నెలనెలా మారే ఋతువులు లేవు, నియమిత ఋతుచక్రమూ లేదు. అయితే అగ్నీధ్రుని కుమారుడైన నాభికి, ఓ ద్విజా, ఋషభుడు కుమారునిగా జన్మించాడు.

not
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेधार्थक-अव्यय
वैindeed
वै:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (emphatic particle: indeed)
चतुर्युगावस्थाthe state of four yugas
चतुर्युगावस्था:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootचतुर् + युग + अवस्था (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; बहुपद-तत्पुरुष (चतुर्युगस्य अवस्था)
not
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेधार्थक-अव्यय
आर्तवाःseasonal periods
आर्तवाः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootआर्तव (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; ‘seasonal/periodic times’
ऋतवःseasons
ऋतवः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootऋतु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन
not
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेधार्थक-अव्यय
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/conjunction)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय
आग्नीध्रसूनोःof the son of Āgnīdhra
आग्नीध्रसूनोः:
Shashthi-sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootआग्नीध्र + सूनु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (आग्नीध्रस्य सूनुः)
नाभेःof Nābhi
नाभेः:
Shashthi-sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootनाभि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th), एकवचन
तुbut/indeed
तु:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (contrast/emphasis)
ऋषभःṚṣabha (name)
ऋषभः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootऋषभ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; नाम
अभूत्was/became
अभूत्:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootभू (धातु)
Formलुङ्-लकार (Aorist/Past), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
सुतःson
सुतः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject-complement)
TypeNoun
Rootसुत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन
द्विजO twice-born (brāhmaṇa)
द्विज:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Address)
TypeNoun
Rootद्विज (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (8th/Vocative), एकवचन
Narrative voice addressing ‘dvija’ (listener); frame-speaker not explicit in the excerpt
CosmologyTime cycles (yugas, seasons)Genealogy

FAQs

Time (yuga and seasonal change) is presented as a feature of certain realms—especially the human sphere where moral choice and decay matter—while lineage narration returns the focus to dharma enacted within time-bound worlds.

Combines ‘Sthāna’ (cosmic-temporal conditions) with ‘Vaṃśa’ (Nābhi → Ṛṣabha).

Timeless realms symbolize consciousness beyond cyclic fluctuation; the birth of Ṛṣabha within the genealogical stream symbolizes descent of a stabilizing principle into cyclic time.