Shloka 49

Adhyaya 45 — Jaimini’s Cosmological Questions and the Opening of Markandeya’s Account of Primary Creation

Sanskrit

बुद्धीन्द्रियाणि पञ्चैव पञ्च कर्मेन्द्रियाणि च ।

तैजसानिन्द्रियाण्याहुर्देवा वैकारिका दश ॥

Transliteration

buddhīndriyāṇi pañcaiva pañca karmendriyāṇi ca / taijasānīndriyāṇyāhurdevā vaikārikā daśa

Translation

ఐదు జ్ఞానేంద్రియాలు మరియు ఐదు కర్మేంద్రియాలు ఉన్నాయి. ఇంద్రియాలు తైజసములని చెప్పబడతాయి; వాటి అధిష్ఠాతృ దేవతలు వైకారిక (సాత్త్విక) ప్రవాహం నుండి జన్మిస్తారు—ఇలా మొత్తం పది.

Word by Word

• buddhi-indriyāṇi: cognitive senses (sense-organs of knowledge)
• buddhi-indriyāṇi: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: buddhi (प्रातिपदिक) + indriya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) (buddheḥ indriyāṇi); Napuṃsakaliṅga, Prathamā Bahuvacana; subject ‘organs of knowledge’

• pañca: five
• pañca: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: pañca (अव्यय/संख्या-शब्द)
• Form: Saṅkhyā (संख्या) indeclinable numeral used adjectivally; qualifies indriyāṇi

• eva: indeed/just
• eva: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: Avadhāraṇa-nipāta (अवधारण-निपात) particle

• pañca: five
• pañca: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: pañca (अव्यय/संख्या-शब्द)
• Form: Saṅkhyā indeclinable numeral used adjectivally; qualifies karmendriyāṇi

• karma-indriyāṇi: organs of action
• karma-indriyāṇi: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: karma (प्रातिपदिक) + indriya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) (karmaṇaḥ indriyāṇi); Napuṃsakaliṅga, Prathamā Bahuvacana; coordinated subject ‘organs of action’

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Samuccaya-nipāta conjunction

• taijasāni: taijasa (luminous)
• taijasāni: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: taijasa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napuṃsakaliṅga, Prathamā Bahuvacana; adjective qualifying indriyāṇi; ‘belonging to tejas/taijasa’

• indriyāṇi: sense-organs
• indriyāṇi: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: indriya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napuṃsakaliṅga, Prathamā Bahuvacana; subject of āhuḥ

• āhuḥ: they call
• āhuḥ: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √ah (धातु)
• Form: Liṭ-lakāra (लिट्, perfect), Prathama-puruṣa Bahuvacana; parasmaipada; ‘they say/call’

• devāḥ: the sages/learned (lit. gods)
• devāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: deva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā Bahuvacana; subject (speakers)

• vaikārikāḥ: vaikārika
• vaikārikāḥ: Pradhāna-nirdeśa (विशेषण/Predicate)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vaikārika (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā Bahuvacana; predicate adjective referring to devāḥ (or to the set); ‘vaikārika’

• daśa: ten
• daśa: Saṅkhyā (संख्या/quantifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: daśa (अव्यय/संख्या-शब्द)
• Form: Saṅkhyā indeclinable numeral used predicatively; ‘ten’

Speakers

• Not explicitly indicated in the provided excerpt (cosmology narration within the Purāṇic discourse)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Presiding deities of the indriyas (collective reference)

Key Themes

• Cosmology
• Sāṅkhya
• Indriyas
• Rājasa/taijasa function
• Sarga

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The verse distinguishes between the functional faculty (indriya) and its presiding intelligence (devatā). Practically, it supports the Purāṇic/Vedic habit of reverencing faculties as sacredly governed, encouraging disciplined use of senses and actions.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Sarga: it enumerates the sense-and-action apparatus produced in creation.

What is the esoteric significance?

‘Taijasa’ suggests energized operation—faculties are inherently dynamic. The devatā-indriya pairing encodes a two-layer model: gross function and subtle regulator, paralleling body–mind or instrument–indweller symbolism.