Shloka 40

Adhyaya 37 — Alarka’s Crisis and the Teaching on Non-Attachment (Madālasa’s Instruction Recalled)

Sanskrit

न यस्य हस्तादिकमप्यशेषं मांसं न चास्थीनि खिराविभागः ।

कस्तस्य नागाश्वरथादिकोशैः स्वल्पोऽपि सम्बन्ध इहास्ति पुंसः ॥

Transliteration

na yasya hastādikam apy aśeṣaṃ māṃsaṃ na cāsthīni khirā-vibhāgaḥ | kas tasya nāgāśva-rathādi-kośaiḥ svalpo ’pi sambandha ihāsti puṃsaḥ ||

Translation

ఎవరికైతే చేతులు మొదలైనవీ ఆత్మ కాదు—మాంసం కాదు, ఎముకలు కాదు, భాగాలు కూడా కాదు—అటువానికి ఇక్కడ ఏనుగులు, గుర్రాలు, రథాలు, ఖజానాలు మొదలైన వాటితో స్వల్పమైన సంబంధం కూడా ఎలా ఉంటుంది?

Word by Word

• na: not
• na: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Negation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध (negation particle)

• yasya: whose
• yasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सम्बन्धवाचक-सर्वनाम; पुं/नपुंसक, एकवचन, षष्ठी (Genitive singular: 'whose')

• hastādikam: hand etc. (limbs and the like)
• hastādikam: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: hasta + ādi + ka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (हस्तः आदिः यस्य/हस्तादि); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, एकवचन, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom./Acc. sg; here as subject-complement)

• api: even
• api: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: api (अव्यय)
• Form: अपि-कार (particle: 'even/also')

• aśeṣam: entire, without remainder
• aśeṣam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: aśeṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, एकवचन, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom./Acc. sg; adverbial/qualifying)

• māṃsam: flesh
• māṃsam: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: māṃsa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, एकवचन, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom./Acc. sg)

• na: not
• na: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Negation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय

• asthīni: bones
• asthīni: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asthi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, बहुवचन, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom./Acc. plural)

• khirāvibhāgaḥ: division/portioning of 'khirā' (as read)
• khirāvibhāgaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: khirā + vibhāga (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (खिरायाः विभागः/खिरा-विभागः); पुंलिङ्ग, एकवचन, प्रथमा (Nominative singular)

• kaḥ: who/what (which)
• kaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kim (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रश्नवाचक-सर्वनाम; पुंलिङ्ग, एकवचन, प्रथमा (Nominative singular)

• tasya: of him
• tasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम; पुं/नपुंसक, एकवचन, षष्ठी (Genitive singular: 'of him')

• nāgāśvarathādikośaiḥ: with treasuries/resources of elephants, horses, chariots, etc.
• nāgāśvarathādikośaiḥ: Karaṇa (करण/Instrument/association)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nāga + aśva + ratha + ādi + kośa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: समास (नाग-अश्व-रथ-आदि-कोश); बहुवचन, तृतीया (Instrumental plural)

• svalpaḥ: small, slight
• svalpaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: svalpa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, एकवचन, प्रथमा (Nominative singular)

• api: even
• api: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: api (अव्यय)
• Form: अपि-कार (even)

• sambandhaḥ: connection, relation
• sambandhaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sambandha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, एकवचन, प्रथमा (Nominative singular)

• iha: here
• iha: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iha (अव्यय)
• Form: देशवाचक-अव्यय (adverb: 'here')

• asti: is/exists
• asti: Kriyā (क्रिया/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: as (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• puṃsaḥ: of a man/person
• puṃsaḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pumān (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, एकवचन, षष्ठी (Genitive singular)

Speakers

• Philosophical speaker within the dialogue (Advaitic self-inquiry voice; exact named speaker not provided in the excerpt)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "vairagya", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Non-ownership
• Worldly power as external
• Body negation
• Vairāgya

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

If one is not the body, then possessions and power-systems tied to the body (army, wealth) cannot be ‘mine’ in any ultimate sense—reducing pride and conflict.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Ethico-philosophical counsel; not pañcalakṣaṇa.

What is the esoteric significance?

Elephants/horses/treasury represent the apparatus of worldly sovereignty. The verse cuts the root assumption of ownership by denying bodily identity.