Shloka 48

Adhyaya 35 — Madālasa’s Instruction on Purity, Impurity, and Corrective Rites (Śauca and Aśauca)

Sanskrit

एष एव विधिर्दृष्टो जन्मन्यपि हि सूतके ।

सपिण्डानां सपिण्डेषु यथावत्सोदकेषु च ॥

Transliteration

eṣa eva vidhir dṛṣṭo janmany api hi sūtake | sapiṇḍānāṃ sapiṇḍeṣu yathāvat sodakeṣu ca ||

Translation

ఇదే నియమం సూతకము (జననాశౌచం) విషయంలో కూడా పాటించబడుతుంది. సపిండ బంధువులలో అది యథావిధిగా వర్తిస్తుంది; అలాగే జలసంబంధ కర్మల విషయంలో కూడా।

Word by Word

• एषः: this
• एषः: कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (कर्ता), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• एव: indeed / only
• एव: निपात (emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (emphatic particle)

• विधिः: rule / procedure
• विधिः: कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विधि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (कर्ता), एकवचन

• दृष्टः: is observed/accepted
• दृष्टः: विधेय (predicate)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दृष्ट (कृदन्त; √दृश् (धातु) + क्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (विधेय), एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त ‘seen/recognized’

• जन्मनि: in birth
• जन्मनि: अधिकरण (Locative/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जन्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (अधिकरण), एकवचन

• अपि: also
• अपि: समुच्चय
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (particle)

• हि: indeed / for
• हि: हेतु/निपात
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (particle; reason/emphasis)

• सूतके: in the birth-impurity (period)
• सूतके: अधिकरण (Locative/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सूतक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (अधिकरण), एकवचन; ‘birth-impurity’

• सपिण्डानाम्: of sapinda relatives
• सपिण्डानाम्: सम्बन्ध (Genitive/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सपिण्ड (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (सम्बन्ध), बहुवचन

• सपिण्डेषु: among sapindas
• सपिण्डेषु: अधिकरण (Locative/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सपिण्ड (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (अधिकरण), बहुवचन

• यथावत्: properly / as prescribed
• यथावत्: क्रियाविशेषण
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथावत् (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (adverb)

• स: with
• स: समासाङ्ग (निर्देशक)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स (प्रातिपदिक; तद्-आदेश)
• Form: समासपूर्वपद; ‘with’ (सह-अर्थे)

• उदकेषु: among sodakas (water-related kin)
• उदकेषु: अधिकरण (Locative/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उदक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (अधिकरण), बहुवचन; तत्पुरुष-समासः: स-उदकेषु = ‘among those connected by water (sodaka)’

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (conjunction)

Speakers

• Dharma-instruction within the Markandeya Purana’s didactic discourse (speaker not specified in the excerpt)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "dharma", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Sūtaka (birth impurity)
• Parallelism of birth/death rites
• Sapiṇḍa obligations
• Udaka rites

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Birth and death are treated as symmetrical thresholds; dharma provides comparable procedures for both, emphasizing continuity of lineage and regulated reintegration.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Ācāra/dharma instruction; tangentially related to vaṃśa (lineage) concerns but not a vaṃśa narrative.

What is the esoteric significance?

Both birth and death disturb the household’s subtle equilibrium; the same ‘technology’ of purification and water-rites restores balance across opposite transitions.