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Shloka 11

Adhyaya 29Alarka’s Inquiry and Madalasa’s Teaching on Householder Dharma (Gārhasthya), Vaiśvadeva, and Atithi Hospitality

हन्तकारं मनुष्याश्च पिबन्ति सततं स्तनम् ।

एवमाप्याययत्येषा वत्स ! धेनुस्त्रयीमयी ॥

hantakāraṃ manuṣyāś ca pibanti satataṃ stanam | evam āpyāyayaty eṣā vatsa dhenuḥ trayīmayī ||

మనుష్యులు నిరంతరం హంతాకార అనే స్తన్యధారను త్రాగుతారు। ఈ విధంగా, ఓ వత్సా, త్రయీ-వేదమయమైన ఈ గోవు అందరినీ పోషిస్తుంది।

hantakāram‘hanta’-utterance
hantakāram:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Roothantakāra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), द्वितीया (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)
manuṣyāḥhumans
manuṣyāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootmanuṣya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन (Plural)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)
pibantidrink
pibanti:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootpā (धाातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), परस्मैपद (Parasmaipada), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन (Plural)
satatamcontinually
satatam:
Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण/Adverb)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsatata (प्रातिपदिक/अव्ययीभाववत्)
Formअव्यय, काल/नित्यत्ववाचक (adverb: always/continually)
stanamteat
stanam:
Karma (कर्म/Object; apposition)
TypeNoun
Rootstana (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), द्वितीया (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)
evamthus
evam:
Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण/Adverb)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootevam (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, प्रकारवाचक (adverb: thus)
āpyāyayatinourishes, makes grow
āpyāyayati:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootā + pyai (धाातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), परस्मैपद (Parasmaipada), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular)
eṣāthis (she)
eṣā:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootetad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
vatsaO calf/child
vatsa:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Address)
TypeNoun
Rootvatsa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), सम्बोधन (Vocative/8th), एकवचन (Singular)
dhenuḥthe cow
dhenuḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject; apposition to eṣā)
TypeNoun
Rootdhenu (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
trayīmayīconsisting of the three (Vedas/triad)
trayīmayī:
Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier of dhenuḥ)
TypeAdjective
Roottrayī (प्रातिपदिक) + maya (प्रत्ययान्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular); मयट्-प्रत्यय (consisting of); ‘trayī’ = threefold/Vedic triad
Instructional dialogue (elder to disciple/‘son’)

{ "primaryRasa": "bhakti", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

DharmaVedic worldviewHuman duty within cosmic reciprocitySymbolism of the cow

FAQs

Human prosperity is not isolated; it depends on maintaining the Vedic-sacrificial ecosystem. The verse frames humans as beneficiaries who must also become sustainers through proper daily rites.

Dharma-upadeśa with Vedic symbolism; not a manvantara/genealogy passage but an ethical-ritual instruction.

‘Trayī’ as a cow suggests the Veda as living nourishment: mantra and rite are ‘milk’ that sustains different ontological tiers, with humans assigned their own channel and responsibility.