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Shloka 16

Adhyaya 25Madālāsā’s Return, Royal Succession, and the First Teaching to Vikrānta

दुःखानि दुःखोपगमाय भोगान्सुखाय जानाति विमूढचेताः ।

तान्येव दुःखानि पुनः सुखानि जानात्यविद्वान्सुविमूढयेताः ॥

duḥkhāni duḥkhopagamāya bhogān sukhāya jānāti vimūḍhacetāḥ / tānyeva duḥkhāni punaḥ sukhāni jānāty avidvān suvimūḍhayetāḥ

మోహితమైన మనస్సు దుఃఖ సమీపానికి కారణమయ్యే భోగాలను సుఖమని భావించి గ్రహిస్తుంది. అజ్ఞాని, పరమంగా గందరగోళపడినవాడు, ఆ దుఃఖాలనే మళ్లీ సుఖమని అనుకుంటాడు.

दुःखानिsufferings
दुःखानि:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootदुःख (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), द्वितीया (Accusative/2nd), बहुवचन (Plural)
दुःख-उपगमायfor the coming/attainment of suffering
दुःख-उपगमाय:
Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान/Goal-Dative)
TypeNoun
Rootदुःख (प्रातिपदिक) + उपगम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुषसमास (determinative), पुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine), चतुर्थी (Dative/4th), एकवचन (Singular)
भोगान्enjoyments
भोगान्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootभोग (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine), द्वितीया (Accusative/2nd), बहुवचन (Plural)
सुखायfor happiness
सुखाय:
Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान/Goal-Dative)
TypeNoun
Rootसुख (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), चतुर्थी (Dative/4th), एकवचन (Singular)
जानातिknows/considers
जानाति:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootज्ञा (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular), परस्मैपद (Parasmaipada)
वि-मूढ-चेताःone whose mind is utterly deluded
वि-मूढ-चेताः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootवि (उपसर्ग) + मूढ (प्रातिपदिक) + चेतस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formबहुव्रीहिसमास (possessive; ‘yasya cetāḥ vimūḍhaḥ’), पुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
तानिthose (same)
तानि:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम (pronoun), नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), द्वितीया (Accusative/2nd), बहुवचन (Plural)
एवindeed
एव:
Avadhāraṇa (अवधारण/Emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formअवधारणार्थक-अव्यय (emphatic particle)
दुःखानिsufferings
दुःखानि:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootदुःख (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), द्वितीया (Accusative/2nd), बहुवचन (Plural)
पुनःagain
पुनः:
Avyaya-bhāva (अव्ययभाव/Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः (अव्यय)
Formकाल/पुनरावृत्त्यर्थक-अव्यय (adverb: again)
सुखानिhappinesses/pleasures
सुखानि:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootसुख (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), द्वितीया (Accusative/2nd), बहुवचन (Plural)
जानातिknows/considers
जानाति:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootज्ञा (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular), परस्मैपद (Parasmaipada)
अ-विद्वान्an ignorant person
अ-विद्वान्:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootअ (नञ्) + विद्वस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनञ्-समास/नकार-प्रत्यय (negated), पुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
सु-विमूढ-चेताःone whose mind is very much deluded
सु-विमूढ-चेताः:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeNoun
Rootसु (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + वि (उपसर्ग) + मूढ (प्रातिपदिक) + चेतस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formबहुव्रीहिसमास (possessive), पुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular) — अविद्वान् इति विशेषणम्/समनाधिकरणम्
Madālasā to her child

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "karuna", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Dukkha in sensualityAvidyā (ignorance)Viveka (discernment)Vairagya

FAQs

Sense-pleasures are misread as happiness though they generate suffering and dependence; discernment (viveka) is needed to avoid repeated self-deception.

A moral-psychological teaching within an upākhyāna; not a genealogical or cosmological pancalakṣaṇa component.

It indicates the cyclic reinforcement of saṃskāras: craving interprets pain as pleasure, sustaining saṃsāra through misperception.