Shloka 33

Adhyaya 24 — Kuvalayashva’s Refusal of Gifts and the Vision of Madalasa’s Maya

Sanskrit

मायामयीमप्यधुना मम तात ! मदालसाम् ।

यदि दर्शयते मन्ये परं कृतमनुग्रहम् ॥

Transliteration

māyāmayīmapyadhunā mama tāta ! madālasām / yadi darśayate manye paraṃ kṛtamanugraham

Translation

ప్రియ తండ్రీ, మదాలసా మాయామయమైనదైనా—ఇప్పుడే ఆమెను నాకు చూపిస్తే, దానిని నేను నాపై చేసిన పరమ అనుగ్రహంగా భావిస్తాను।

Word by Word

• māyā-mayīm: illusory / made of māyā
• māyā-mayīm: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: māyā (प्रातिपदिक) + maya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (मयट्-प्रत्ययार्थ: ‘māyā-mayī’ = made of/consisting of illusion); Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular (एकवचन)

• api: even/also
• api: Sambandha/Emphasis (सम्बन्ध/बल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: api (अव्यय)
• Form: Indeclinable particle (निपात), concessive/emphatic

• adhunā: now
• adhunā: Kāla (काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: adhunā (अव्यय)
• Form: Indeclinable adverb (कालवाचक)

• mama: of me / my
• mama: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pronoun (सर्वनाम), Genitive (षष्ठी/6), Singular (एकवचन)

• tāta: dear father / sir
• tāta: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tāta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Vocative (सम्बोधन/8), Singular (एकवचन)

• madālasām: Madālasā (name)
• madālasām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: madālasā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular (एकवचन)

• yadi: if
• yadi: Hetu/Śarta (हेतु/शर्त)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yadi (अव्यय)
• Form: Indeclinable conjunction (समुच्चय/शर्त) introducing condition

• darśayate: shows / causes to be seen
• darśayate: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √dṛś (दृश् धातु) (णिच्)
• Form: Present (लट्), 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन), Ātmanepada (आत्मनेपद), Causative (णिजन्त)

• manye: I think
• manye: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √man (मन् धातु)
• Form: Present (लट्), 1st Person (उत्तमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन), Ātmanepada (आत्मनेपद)

• param: supreme / exceedingly
• param: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: para (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular (एकवचन); used adverbially/intensively with kṛtam

• kṛta-anugraham: a favor done / grace bestowed
• kṛta-anugraham: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kṛta (√kṛ धातु, क्त) + anugraha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Karmadhāraya (कृतः अनुग्रहः); Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular (एकवचन)

Speakers

• Jaḍa (implied continuation) addressing Aśvatara as ‘tāta’

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "bhakti", "secondaryRasa": "shringara", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Yearning and attachment
• Conscious acceptance of illusion
• Grace/anugraha

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Attachment can become so strong that one prefers a beautiful illusion over uncertain truth. The verse is psychologically precise: the speaker knowingly consents to māyā, revealing how desire overrides discernment.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Ānucarita (episode-based moral psychology), not cosmological enumeration.

What is the esoteric significance?

The ‘darśana’ of an illusory form mirrors how the mind seeks consoling images in meditation or dream. The teaching implied by the narrative arc: even acknowledged illusion can bind when craved as ‘grace.’