Shloka 54

Adhyaya 23 — Ashvatara’s Vow for Madalasa and the Bestowal of Musical Science by Sarasvati

Sanskrit

यदित्रयं तथाऽतोद्यं मया दत्तं चतुर्विधम् ।

एतद्भवान् मत्प्रसादात् पन्नगेन्द्रापरं च यत् ॥

Transliteration

yaditrayaṃ tathā'todyaṃ mayā dattaṃ caturvidham / etadbhavān matprasādāt pannagendrāparañca yat

Translation

త్రయం మరియు చతుర్విధ ఆతోద్యము (వాద్యాలు) నేను ఇచ్చితిని. నా కృపవలన నీవు దీనినీ, అలాగే ఇతర నాగాధిపతికి సంబంధించినదంతటినీ తెలుసుకుంటావు.

Word by Word

• yadi-trayam: the triad (yadi-traya)
• yadi-trayam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yadi + traya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative/Accusative (प्रथमा/1 or द्वितीया/2), Singular (एकवचन); dvigu ‘a triad of yadi/if’ (contextual technical term)

• tathā: also/likewise
• tathā: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tathā (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (क्रियाविशेषण अव्यय)

• atodyam: musical instrument(s)
• atodyam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: atodya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative/Accusative (प्रथमा/1 or द्वितीया/2), Singular (एकवचन)

• mayā: by me
• mayā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Instrumental (तृतीया/3), Singular (एकवचन)

• dattam: given
• dattam: Kriyā (क्रिया/predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √dā (धातु) + kta (क्त) → datta (कृदन्त)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त-कृदन्त); Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative/Accusative (प्रथमा/1 or द्वितीया/2), Singular (एकवचन); predicative ‘given’

• catur-vidham: fourfold
• catur-vidham: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: catur + vidha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative/Accusative (प्रथमा/1 or द्वितीया/2), Singular (एकवचन); qualifies the given item(s)

• etat: this
• etat: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: etad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular (एकवचन)

• bhavān: you (honored)
• bhavān: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhavat (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Honorific pronoun; Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)

• mat-prasādāt: from my grace
• mat-prasādāt: Hetu/Apādāna (हेतु/अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mad + prasāda (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Ablative (पञ्चमी/5), Singular (एकवचन); ‘from/through my grace’

• pannagendra-aparam: the other (apart from) Pannagendra
• pannagendra-aparam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: pannagendra + apara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular (एकवचन); ‘other than/next to the lord of serpents’

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction/particle (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)

• yat: which/that
• yat: Anuyogin (अनुयोगी/relative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Relative pronoun; Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular (एकवचन)

Speakers

• Sarasvatī

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "adbhuta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Sarasvatī

Shakti Aspects

• Sarasvatī

Key Themes

• Classification of instruments
• Transmission of śāstra
• Grace as empowerment

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Arts are treated as a legitimate domain of dharma: they can be ‘given’ and conserved through right lineages, not treated as mere entertainment.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Encyclopedic cultural teaching within narrative; not a core pancalakṣaṇa enumeration.

What is the esoteric significance?

Instrumental categories suggest that manifestation (nāda) diversifies into forms, yet remains rooted in a single source—Sarasvatī as the power of ordered expression.