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Shloka 1

Adhyaya 14The Messenger of Yama Explains Karmic Retribution and the Causes of Naraka Torments

इति श्रीमार्कण्डेयपुराणे पितापुत्रसंवादो नाम त्रयोदशोऽध्यायः ।

चतुर्दशोऽध्यायः पुत्र उवाच इति पृष्टस्तदा तेन शृण्वतां नो महात्मना ।

उवाच पुरुषो याम्यो घोरोऽपि प्रसृतं वचः ॥

iti śrīmārkaṇḍeyapurāṇe pitā-putrasaṃvādo nāma trayodaśo 'dhyāyaḥ caturdaśo 'dhyāyaḥ putra uvāca iti pṛṣṭastadā tena śṛṇvatāṃ no mahātmanā / uvāca puruṣo yāmyo ghoro 'pi prasṛtaṃ vacaḥ

ఇట్లు శ్రీమార్కండేయ పురాణంలోని పదమూడవ అధ్యాయం ‘తండ్రి-కొడుకు సంభాషణ’ అని ముగిసింది. అనంతరం పద్నాలుగవ అధ్యాయం ప్రారంభమవుతుంది. అతడు ప్రశ్నించగా, మహాత్ముడు వినుచుండగా, యముని ఒక భయంకర సత్త్వం మాటలు పలికింది।

itithus
iti:
Avyaya-bhāva (अव्ययभाव)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
Formउक्तिपरिसमाप्त्यर्थक अव्यय (quotative/end marker)
śrī-mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇein the Śrī Mārkaṇḍeya Purāṇa
śrī-mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇe:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Context)
TypeNoun
Rootśrī (प्रातिपदिक) + mārkaṇḍeya (प्रातिपदिक) + purāṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसमास: तत्पुरुष (षष्ठी) ‘श्रीमत् मार्कण्डेयस्य पुराणम्’; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी एकवचन (Locative)
pitā-putra-saṃvādaḥthe dialogue of father and son
pitā-putra-saṃvādaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Title-Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootpitṛ (प्रातिपदिक) + putra (प्रातिपदिक) + saṃvāda (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसमास: तत्पुरुष (षष्ठी) ‘पितुः पुत्रस्य च संवादः’; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन
nāmanamed
nāma:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Naming)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootnāman (प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्ययप्राय (indeclinable particle) used in titles = ‘named/called’
trayodaśaḥthirteenth
trayodaśaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Roottrayodaśan (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन; ordinal sense qualifying adhyāyaḥ
adhyāyaḥchapter
adhyāyaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Title)
TypeNoun
Rootadhyāya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन
caturdaśaḥfourteenth
caturdaśaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootcaturdaśan (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन; ordinal sense qualifying adhyāyaḥ
adhyāyaḥchapter
adhyāyaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Title)
TypeNoun
Rootadhyāya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन
putraḥthe son
putraḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Speaker)
TypeNoun
Rootputra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन
uvācasaid
uvāca:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvac (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
itithus
iti:
Avyaya-bhāva (अव्ययभाव)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
Formउक्तिसूचक अव्यय (quotative)
pṛṣṭaḥasked
pṛṣṭaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता; of passive participle)
TypeVerb
Rootpṛṣṭa (कृदन्त, √prach)
Formभूतकृदन्त (past participle), पुंलिङ्ग प्रथमा एकवचन; ‘having been asked’
tadāthen
tadā:
Kāla (काल/Time)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottadā (अव्यय)
Formकालवाचक अव्यय (temporal adverb)
tenaby him
tena:
Karaṇa (करण/Instrument-Agent in passive)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसक, तृतीया एकवचन (Instrumental singular)
śṛṇvatāmof those listening
śṛṇvatām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootśru (धातु) → śṛṇvat (कृदन्त)
Formवर्तमानकृदन्त (present participle) used substantively; पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी बहुवचन (Genitive plural) = ‘of the listeners’
naḥof us/our
naḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, षष्ठी बहुवचन (Genitive plural)
mahātmanāby the great-souled one
mahātmanā:
Karaṇa (करण/Agent in passive)
TypeNoun
Rootmahātman (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसमास: कर्मधारय ‘महान् आत्मा यस्य’; पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया एकवचन (Instrumental singular)
uvācasaid
uvāca:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvac (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
puruṣaḥa man/person
puruṣaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootpuruṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन
yāmyaḥof Yama
yāmyaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootyāmya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन; ‘belonging to Yama/southern’ qualifying puruṣaḥ
ghoraḥterrible
ghoraḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootghora (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन; qualifying puruṣaḥ
apieven/also
api:
Avyaya-bhāva (अव्ययभाव)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, समुच्चय/अपि = even/also
prasṛtamuttered/extended
prasṛtam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootprasṛta (कृदन्त, √sṛ with pra-)
Formभूतकृदन्त, नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया एकवचन; qualifying vacaḥ (as object)
vacaḥwords/speech
vacaḥ:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootvacas (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया एकवचन (Accusative singular)
Narrative transition; then ‘Putra’ prompts; Yama-associated being (yamya puruṣa / yamakiṅkara) responds

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "adbhuta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Yama
Dialogue frameNaraka discourseKarmic adjudication (Yama’s domain)

FAQs

The text formally pivots from lament to adjudication: inquiry (praśna) invites a precise account of the moral cause, reflecting the Purāṇic emphasis on intelligible karmic order rather than arbitrary punishment.

This is a structural/colophonic marker within narrative instruction; it is outside the five-lakṣaṇa categories.

The appearance of Yama’s agent signifies the ‘cosmic audit’ function—conscience and cosmic law externalized—preparing the listener for a subtle, specific ethical point.