Adhyaya 11 — The Son’s Discourse on Embryogenesis, Birth, and the Wheel of Saṃsāra
कामेर्ष्याक्रोधसम्बन्धं यौवने चातिदुःसहम् ।
दुःखप्राया वृद्धता च मरणे दुःखमुत्तमम् ॥
kāmerṣyā-krodha-sambandhaṁ yauvane cāti-duḥsaham | duḥkha-prāyā vṛddhatā ca maraṇe duḥkham uttamam ||
యౌవనంలో కామం, అసూయ, కోపం అనే సంగతులు అత్యంత అసహ్యంగా ఉంటాయి; వృద్ధాప్యమూ ఎక్కువగా దుఃఖమయం—మరణ సమయంలో అయితే దుఃఖం అత్యధికం.
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Youth is not automatically ‘happy’; it is often dominated by turbulent passions. Mastery of desire, envy, and anger is presented as essential dharma and as preparation for liberation.
Didactic instruction related to dharma (self-control) and the limits of worldly life; not a direct pancalakṣaṇa narrative unit.
The ‘three fires’ (kāma–īrṣyā–krodha) are inner narakas; conquering them is a microcosmic liberation that anticipates freedom from the larger saṃsāra-cycle.