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Shloka 18

Śamī-vṛkṣe śastra-nidhāna and Entry into Virāṭa’s Capital (शमीवृक्षे शस्त्रनिधानम्)

येन देवान्‌ मनुष्यांश्व सर्वाश्नैकरथो5जयत्‌ । स्फीताञ्जनपदांश्चवान्यानजयत्‌ कुरुपुड्भगव:,कुरुश्रेष्ठ अर्जुनने जिस धनुषके द्वारा एकमात्र रथका आश्रय ले सम्पूर्ण देवताओं और मनुष्योंपर विजय पायी थी तथा अन्यान्य अनेक समृद्धिशाली जनपदोंपर विजय-पताका फहरायी थी, जिस धनुषने दिव्य बलसे सम्पन्न असुरों आदिकी सेनाओंका संहार किया था, जिसकी टंकारध्वनि बहुत दूरतक फैलती है, उस उदार तथा अत्यन्त भयंकर गाण्डीव धनुषकी प्रत्यंचा अर्जुनने उतार डाली

vaiśampāyana uvāca | yena devān manuṣyāṁś ca sarvān ekaratho 'jayat | sphītān janapadāṁś cānyān ājayat kurupuṅgavaḥ |

వైశంపాయనుడు పలికెను—హే జనమేజయ! ఏ ధనుస్సుతో కురుపుంగవుడైన అర్జునుడు ఒక్క రథాన్ని ఆశ్రయించి దేవులనూ మనుష్యులనూ సమస్తముగా జయించెను; అలాగే అనేక సుసంపన్న జనపదాలపై కూడా విజయధ్వజాన్ని నిలిపెను।

येनby which
येन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
देवान्the gods
देवान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदेव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
मनुष्यान्the men/humans
मनुष्यान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमनुष्य
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सर्वान्all
सर्वान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
एकरथःone who had a single chariot (alone in one chariot)
एकरथः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootएकरथ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अजयत्conquered/defeated
अजयत्:
TypeVerb
Rootजि
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
स्फीतान्prosperous, flourishing
स्फीतान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootस्फीत
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
जनपदान्countries/territories
जनपदान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootजनपद
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अन्यान्other
अन्यान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्य
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अजयत्conquered
अजयत्:
TypeVerb
Rootजि
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
कुरुपुङ्गवःthe bull among the Kurus (best of the Kurus)
कुरुपुङ्गवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकुरुपुङ्गव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
A
Arjuna
K
Kuru dynasty (Kuru)
G
Gāṇḍīva (bow)
D
Devas (gods)
M
Manuṣyas (humans)
J
Janapadas (realms/territories)

Educational Q&A

Even supreme power is to be governed by restraint and right timing: the verse recalls Arjuna’s unmatched martial capacity, yet places it within a moment of deliberate action (unstringing the bow), highlighting disciplined control over force rather than mere display.

The narrator praises the legendary bow Gāṇḍīva and Arjuna’s past conquests; in the present scene Arjuna removes/unstrings its bowstring, an act that signals a shift in readiness and concealment/management of weapons within the Virāṭa-parvan context.