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Shloka 5

Arjuna’s Absence, Bhīma’s Kṣātra-Dharma Appeal, and Bṛhadaśva’s Arrival

Nala-Upākhyāna Begins

कैरातं वेषमास्थाय योधयामास फाल्गुनम्‌ । जिज्ञासु: सर्वदेवेश: कपर्दी भगवान्‌ स्वयम्‌,जटाजूटवधारी सर्वदिवेश्वर भगवान्‌ शंकरने स्वयं ही अर्जुनके बलकी परीक्षा लेनेके लिये किरातवेष धारण करके उनके साथ युद्ध किया था

kirātaṁ veṣam āsthāya yodhayāmāsa phālgunam | jijñāsuḥ sarvadeveśaḥ kapardī bhagavān svayam ||

సంజయుడు పలికెను—సర్వదేవేశ్వరుడు, జటాజూటధారి భగవాన్ శంకరుడు స్వయంగా కిరాత వేషం ధరించి ఫాల్గుణుడు అర్జునునితో యుద్ధం చేశాడు; అతని బలాన్ని పరీక్షించాలనే ఉద్దేశంతో.

कैरातम्Kirāta (hunter-like)
कैरातम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootकैरात (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
वेषम्guise, dress
वेषम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवेष (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आस्थायhaving assumed (taken up)
आस्थाय:
Karana
TypeVerb
Rootआ-स्था (धातु)
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage), Non-finite
योधयामासmade (him) fight / fought (with)
योधयामास:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootयुध् (धातु) [प्रेरणार्थे: योधय-]
FormPerfect (periphrastic), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
फाल्गुनम्Phālguna (Arjuna)
फाल्गुनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootफाल्गुन (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
जिज्ञासुःdesirous to know / wishing to test
जिज्ञासुः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootजिज्ञासु (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सर्वदेवेशःlord of all gods
सर्वदेवेशः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसर्व-देव-ईश (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कपर्दीthe matted-haired one
कपर्दी:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootकपर्दिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भगवान्the Blessed Lord
भगवान्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभगवत् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्वयम्himself
स्वयम्:
Karta
TypeIndeclinable
Rootस्वयम् (अव्यय)

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
A
Arjuna (Phālguna)
Ś
Śiva (Śaṅkara, Kapardī, Sarvadeveśa)
K
Kirāta (hunter disguise)

Educational Q&A

Divine trials are meant to reveal and refine inner worth: a warrior’s strength must be joined with humility and self-control. The Lord tests Arjuna not to harm him but to confirm his readiness for higher weapons and grace, showing that power is ethically grounded in discipline and devotion.

Śiva, wishing to assess Arjuna, takes the form of a Kirāta hunter and engages him in combat. The encounter is a deliberate test of Arjuna’s prowess and steadiness, setting the stage for Arjuna’s recognition of the divine and the subsequent bestowal of divine favor.