Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 16

Draupadī’s Lament and Theodicy: Dharma, Dice, and Īśvara’s Governance (Āraṇyaka-parva 31)

उन्मत्तान्‌ मन्यते बाल: सर्वानागतनिश्चयान्‌ | धर्माभिशड्को नान्यस्मात्‌ प्रमाणमधिगच्छति,धर्मके विषयमें संशय रखनेवाला बालबुद्धि मानव जिन्हें धर्मके तत्त्वका निश्चय हो गया है, उन समस्त ज्ञानीजनोंको उन्मत्त समझता है; अतः वह बालबुद्धि दूसरे किसीसे कोई शास्त्र-प्रमाण नहीं ग्रहण करता

unmattān manyate bālaḥ sarvān āgata-niścayān | dharmābhiśaṅko nānyasmāt pramāṇam adhigacchati ||

ధర్మం విషయమై సందేహపడే బాలబుద్ధి మనిషి, ధర్మతత్త్వంలో దృఢనిశ్చయానికి వచ్చిన జ్ఞానులందరినీ ఉన్మత్తులుగా భావిస్తాడు; అందుచేత ధర్మం గురించి ఇతరుల నుండి ఏ ప్రమాణాన్నీ స్వీకరించడు।

उन्मत्तान्mad, insane (as objects of thinking)
उन्मत्तान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootउन्मत्त
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
मन्यतेthinks, considers
मन्यते:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootमन् (मन्यते)
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada
बालःa child; a foolish person
बालः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootबाल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सर्वान्all
सर्वान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
आगत-निश्चयान्those who have reached a settled conclusion
आगत-निश्चयान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootआगतनिश्चय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
धर्म-अभिशङ्कःone who suspects/doubts dharma
धर्म-अभिशङ्कः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootधर्माभिशङ्क
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अन्यस्मात्from another (source/person)
अन्यस्मात्:
Apadana
TypePronoun/Adjective
Rootअन्य
FormMasculine/Neuter, Ablative, Singular
प्रमाणम्proof; valid authority
प्रमाणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रमाण
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अधिगच्छतिobtains; accepts; comes to (as authority)
अधिगच्छति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअधि-गम् (गच्छति)
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira

Educational Q&A

Moral skepticism combined with immaturity leads a person to dismiss the wise as irrational and to reject valid sources of knowledge (pramāṇa) about dharma; humility and receptivity to authority and reason are necessary for ethical understanding.

Yudhiṣṭhira is articulating a reflection on how a doubter of dharma behaves: he misjudges those who are settled in dharma and refuses to accept guidance or authoritative testimony, highlighting a barrier to learning and right conduct.