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Shloka 25

Ajñātavāsa-saṅkalpaḥ — Yudhiṣṭhira’s Resolve and Dhaumya’s Exempla on Concealment

एकस्य धर्मेण सता मतेन सर्वे सम त॑ मार्गमनुप्रपन्ना: । मा वै द्वितीयं मा तृतीयं च वाउ्छे तस्मात्‌ सन्‍्तो धर्ममाहु: प्रधानम्‌,अपने एक ही वर्णके सत्पुरुष-सम्मत धर्मका पालन करनेसे सभी लोग उस विज्ञान- मार्गपर पहुँच जाते हैं, जो सबका लक्ष्य है। अतः दूसरे या तीसरे वर्णकी इच्छा नहीं रखनी चाहिये। इसलिये साधु पुरुष केवल वर्ण-धर्मको ही प्रधानता देते हैं

yama uvāca | ekasya dharmeṇa satā matena sarve samaṃ mārgaṃ anuprapannāḥ | mā vai dvitīyaṃ mā tṛtīyaṃ ca vā vāñche tasmāt santo dharmam āhuḥ pradhānam |

యముడు పలికెను—సజ్జనులు సమ్మతించి యథార్థమని నిర్ణయించిన ఒక్క ధర్మాన్ని అనుసరించితే అందరూ ఒకే మార్గాన్ని చేరుతారు—అది జ్ఞానలక్ష్యమైన పథం. కాబట్టి ‘రెండవది’ గానీ ‘మూడవది’ గానీ కోరరాదు. అందుచేత సత్పురుషులు ధర్మాన్నే ప్రధానమని చెబుతారు।

एकस्यof one
एकस्य:
Sambandha
TypeAdjective
Rootएक
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
धर्मेणby/through dharma
धर्मेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
सताapproved by the good / virtuous
सता:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootसत्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
मतेनby the opinion/view
मतेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमत
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
सर्वेall (people)
सर्वे:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
समम्equally / together
समम्:
Avyaya
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसम
मार्गम्path
मार्गम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमार्ग
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अनुप्रपन्नाःhave attained / have reached
अनुप्रपन्नाः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअनु-प्र-पद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural, क्त (past passive participle), active sense (intransitive: 'having attained')
माdo not
मा:
Avyaya
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमा
Formprohibitive particle
वैindeed / surely
वै:
Avyaya
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
द्वितीयम्a second (one)
द्वितीयम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootद्वितीय
FormMasculine/Neuter, Accusative, Singular
माdo not
मा:
Avyaya
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमा
Formprohibitive particle
तृतीयम्a third (one)
तृतीयम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootतृतीय
FormMasculine/Neuter, Accusative, Singular
and
:
Avyaya
TypeIndeclinable
Root
वाor
वा:
Avyaya
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
वाञ्छेत्should desire
वाञ्छेत्:
Kriya
TypeVerb
Rootवाञ्छ्
FormVidhi-linga (optative), present (modal), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
तस्मात्therefore / from that
तस्मात्:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Ablative, Singular
सन्तःgood people / the virtuous
सन्तः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
धर्मम्dharma
धर्मम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आहुःsay / call
आहुः:
Kriya
TypeVerb
Rootअह्
FormLat (present), present, 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
प्रधानम्primary / foremost
प्रधानम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रधान
FormMasculine/Neuter, Accusative, Singular

यम उवाच

Y
Yama

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches that steadfast adherence to the dharma endorsed by the virtuous leads all to the same highest path; hence one should not crave alternative social standings, and dharma must be treated as the foremost principle.

Yama is instructing the listener in a didactic exchange, emphasizing the supremacy of dharma and discouraging restless desire for different ranks or identities, presenting moral order as the route to the shared ultimate goal.