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Shloka 35

Chapter 49: Sañjaya’s Enumeration of the Pāṇḍava Coalition (पाण्डवसैन्यसमागम-वर्णनम्)

पाञ्चालस्य सुता जज्ञे दैवाच्च स पुन: पुमान्‌ स्त्रीपुंसो: पुरुषव्याप्र य: स वेद गुणागुणान्‌,भरतश्रेष्ठ! पूर्वकालमें काशिराजकी जिस सती-साध्वी कन्या अम्बाने भीष्मजीके वधकी इच्छासे घोर तपस्या की थी, वही मृत्युके पश्चात्‌ पांचालराज द्रुपदकी पुत्री होकर उत्पन्न हुई, परंतु दैववश वह फिर पुरुष हो गयी। वह वीर पांचालकुमार स्त्री और पुरुष दोनों शरीरोंके गुण और अवगुणको जानता है

sañjaya uvāca | pāñcālasya sutā jajñe daivācca sa punaḥ pumān | strīpuṃsoḥ puruṣavyāpta yaḥ sa veda guṇāguṇān ||

సంజయుడు అన్నాడు—పాంచాలలో ఒక కుమార్తె జన్మించింది; కాని దైవయోగవశాత్తు అదే వ్యక్తి మళ్లీ పురుషుడయ్యాడు. స్త్రీ-పురుష స్థితులను రెండింటినీ అనుభవించిన ఆ యోధుడు రెండింటి గుణదోషాలను తెలుసుకున్నాడు. అతడే భీష్మవధం కోసం ఘోర తపస్సు చేసిన అంబ; మరణానంతరం ద్రుపదుని సంతానంగా పుట్టి, తరువాత పురుషరూపం పొందాడు.

पाञ्चालस्यof the Panchala (kingdom/people)
पाञ्चालस्य:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootपाञ्चाल
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
सुताdaughter
सुता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसुत
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
जज्ञेwas born
जज्ञे:
TypeVerb
Rootजन्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular, Ātmanepada
दैवात्by fate; due to destiny
दैवात्:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootदैव
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पुनःagain
पुनः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः
पुमान्a man; male
पुमान्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुमांस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्त्रीपुंसोःof woman and man (of both sexes)
स्त्रीपुंसोः:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootस्त्रीपुंस्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Dual
पुरुषव्याप्रःmanly/valiant (lit. having the exertion/energy of a man)
पुरुषव्याप्रः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपुरुषव्याप्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वेदknows
वेद:
TypeVerb
Rootविद्
FormPresent (Laṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
गुणागुणान्merits and demerits; qualities and faults
गुणागुणान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगुणागुण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
भरतश्रेष्ठO best of the Bharatas
भरतश्रेष्ठ:
Sambodhana
TypeNoun
Rootभरतश्रेष्ठ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sanjaya
P
Panchala
D
Drupada
A
Amba
B
Bhishma
B
Bharata (addressed as Bharata-श्रेष्ठ in the Hindi gloss)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how past intentions and actions (a vowed resolve) can persist across lives and, through fate, find an appropriate means to bear fruit. It also frames experiential knowledge—having lived both female and male conditions—as a basis for understanding the relative strengths and limitations of embodied roles, underscoring Mahabharata’s theme that destiny and moral causality operate through complex human circumstances.

Sanjaya explains to Dhritarashtra that the person born as Drupada’s daughter later became male by fate. This points to Amba’s earlier austerities aimed at Bhishma’s death and identifies her rebirth as the Panchala heir (commonly known as Shikhandi), whose presence becomes crucial in the chain of events leading toward Bhishma’s fall.