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Shloka 22

Adhyāya 90 — Protection of Livelihoods, Brahmanical Subsistence Norms, and Royal Oversight (राष्ट्रवृत्ति-राष्ट्रगुप्ति-उपदेशः)

एतेभ्यश्चाप्रमत्त: स्यात्‌ सदा शत्रोर्युधिष्ठिर । भारुण्डसदृशा होते निपतन्ति प्रमादतः,युधिष्ठिर! इन सभी हिंसक जन्तुओं तथा शत्रुकी ओरसे राजाको सदा सावधान रहना चाहिये; क्योंकि असावधान होनेपर ये गिद्ध पक्षियोंके समान सहसा टूट पड़ते हैं

etebhyaś cāpramattaḥ syāt sadā śatror yudhiṣṭhira | bhāruṇḍa-sadṛśā hy ete nipatanti pramādataḥ ||

భీష్ముడు పలికెను— యుధిష్ఠిరా! ఈ ప్రమాదాల పట్లను, శత్రువు పట్లను రాజు ఎల్లప్పుడూ అప్రమత్తుడై ఉండాలి; ఎందుకంటే నిర్లక్ష్యం కలిగితే ఇవి భారుణ్డ పక్షులవలె అకస్మాత్తుగా దాడి చేస్తాయి.

एतेभ्यःfrom these
एतेभ्यः:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Ablative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अप्रमत्तःvigilant, not careless
अप्रमत्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअप्रमत्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्यात्should be
स्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
सदाalways
सदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसदा
शत्रोःof the enemy
शत्रोः:
TypeNoun
Rootशत्रु
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
युधिष्ठिरO Yudhiṣṭhira
युधिष्ठिर:
TypeNoun (Proper)
Rootयुधिष्ठिर
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
भारुण्ड-सदृशाःlike vultures (bhāruṇḍa-birds)
भारुण्ड-सदृशाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootभारुण्डसदृश
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
ह्येतेfor these indeed
ह्येते:
Karta
TypeParticle + Pronoun
Rootहि + एतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Nominative, Plural
निपतन्तिfall upon, swoop down
निपतन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootपत्
FormPresent (Lat), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
प्रमादतःfrom carelessness; due to negligence
प्रमादतः:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootप्रमाद
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
Ś
śatru (enemy)
B
bhāruṇḍa (bird)

Educational Q&A

A ruler must be constantly vigilant; negligence (pramāda) invites sudden danger, as enemies and harmful forces strike swiftly when one’s guard is down.

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on kingship, Bhīṣma continues advising Yudhiṣṭhira, warning him that threats and enemies attack abruptly when a king becomes careless, illustrated through the image of swooping bhāruṇḍa birds.