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Shloka 40

Treasury Security, Protection of Informants, and the Kalakavṛkṣīya Exemplum (Śānti Parva 83)

स्थाण्वश्मकण्टकवतीं सिंहव्याप्रसमाकुलाम्‌ | दुरासदां दुष्प्रसहां गुहां हैमवतीमिव,जैसे हिमालयकी कन्दरामें ढूँठ, पत्थर और काँटे होते हैं, उसके भीतर सिंह और व्याप्रोंका भी निवास होता है तथा इन्हीं सब कारणोंसे उसमें प्रवेश पाना या रहना अत्यन्त कठिन एवं दुःसह हो जाता है, उसी प्रकार दुष्ट अधिकारियोंके कारण इस राज्यमें किसी भले मनुष्यका रहना मुश्किल है

bhīṣma uvāca | sthāṇv-aśma-kaṇṭakavatīṃ siṃha-vyāghra-samākulām | durāsadāṃ duṣprasahāṃ guhāṃ haimavatīm iva |

భీష్ముడు పలికెను—హిమాలయ గుహలో మొద్దులు, రాళ్లు, ముళ్లు ఉండి, అందులో సింహాలు, పులులు సంచరిస్తే—అందులో ప్రవేశించడమూ, నిలవడమూ అత్యంత కష్టం, అసహ్యం అవుతుంది; అలాగే దుష్ట అధికారులతో నిండిన రాజ్యంలో సజ్జనుడు నివసించడం దుర్లభం।

स्थाणुstump, trunk
स्थाणु:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootस्थाणु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अश्मstone, rock
अश्म:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअश्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कण्टकthorn
कण्टक:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकण्टक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वतीम्possessing (having)
वतीम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootवत् (प्रत्ययः)
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
सिंहlion
सिंह:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसिंह
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
व्याघ्रtiger
व्याघ्र:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootव्याघ्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
समाकुलाम्filled with, crowded, teeming
समाकुलाम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसमाकुल
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
दुरासदाम्hard to approach
दुरासदाम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootदुरासद
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
दुष्प्रसहाम्hard to overpower/endure
दुष्प्रसहाम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootदुष्प्रसह
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
गुहाम्cave
गुहाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगुहा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
हैमवतीम्Himalayan; belonging to Himavat
हैमवतीम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootहैमवती
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
इवlike, as if
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
H
Himavat (Himalaya)
C
cave (guhā)
L
lion (siṃha)
T
tiger (vyāghra)
S
stumps (sthāṇu)
R
rocks (aśma)
T
thorns (kaṇṭaka)

Educational Q&A

A kingdom becomes unlivable for the virtuous when administration is dominated by wicked officials; the ruler’s duty is to ensure governance that protects and enables good people rather than driving them away.

In Bhishma’s instruction on statecraft and dharma in the Shanti Parva, he uses a vivid simile—an inhospitable Himalayan cave—to describe how oppressive, corrupt authority makes a realm dangerous and unbearable for decent citizens.