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Shloka 8

Āśrama-dharma: Duties of the Four Life-Stages (आश्रमधर्मः)

आर्जवं भृत्यभरणं नवैते सार्ववर्णिका: । ब्राह्मणस्य तु यो धर्मस्तं ते वक्ष्यामि केवलम्‌,किसीपर क्रोध न करना, सत्य बोलना, धनको बाँटकर भोगना, क्षमाभाव रखना, अपनी ही पत्नीके गर्भसे संतान पैदा करना, बाहर-भीतरसे पवित्र रहना, किसीसे द्रोह न करना, सरलभाव रखना और भरण-पोषण के योग्य व्यक्तियोंका पालन करना--ये नौ सभी वर्णोंके लिये उपयोगी धर्म हैं। अब मैं केवल ब्राह्णका जो धर्म है, उसे बता रहा हूँ

bhīṣma uvāca | ārjavaṁ bhṛtyabharaṇaṁ navaite sārvavarṇikāḥ | brāhmaṇasya tu yo dharmas taṁ te vakṣyāmi kevalam ||

సరళత, ఆధారపడినవారిని పోషించే ధర్మం—ఇతరాలతో కలిపి ఇవి తొమ్మిది ఆచారాలు అన్ని వర్ణాలకు హితకరమైనవి. ఇప్పుడు మాత్రం బ్రాహ్మణునికే ప్రత్యేకమైన ధర్మాన్ని నీకు చెప్పుదును.

आर्जवम्straightforwardness, honesty
आर्जवम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआर्जव
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
भृत्यभरणम्maintenance/support of dependents/servants
भृत्यभरणम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभृत्य-भरण
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
नवnine
नव:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootनवन्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
एतेthese
एते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
सार्ववर्णिकाःcommon to all varnas
सार्ववर्णिकाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसार्ववर्णिक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
ब्राह्मणस्यof a Brahmin
ब्राह्मणस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
तुbut, however
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
यःwhich/who
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
धर्मःduty, dharma
धर्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तम्that (him/it)
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तेto you
ते:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormDative, Singular
वक्ष्यामिI shall tell
वक्ष्यामि:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormSimple Future (Luṭ), First, Singular, Parasmaipada
केवलम्only, exclusively
केवलम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकेवल

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
B
Brahmin (brāhmaṇa)
V
varṇa (social orders)

Educational Q&A

Bhishma distinguishes between (1) ethical duties that are universal—beneficial for all varṇas—and (2) duties that are specific to the Brahmin. This verse serves as a transition: it affirms common moral foundations (like straightforwardness and supporting dependents) before moving to Brahmin-specific dharma.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction section, Bhishma is advising Yudhishthira on dharma after the war. Here he concludes a list of nine general duties shared by all and signals that he will next explain the particular obligations of Brahmins.