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Shloka 35

Āśrama-dharma: Duties of the Four Life-Stages (आश्रमधर्मः)

देय: पिण्डो5नपत्याय भर्तव्यौ वृद्धदुर्बली,यदि स्वामी संतानहीन हो तो सेवा करनेवाले शूद्रको ही उसके लिये पिण्डदान करना चाहिये। यदि स्वामी बूढ़ा या दुर्बल हो तो उसका सब प्रकारसे भरण-पोषण करना चाहिये। किसी आप त्तिमें भी शूद्रकों अपने स्वामीका परित्याग नहीं करना चाहिये। यदि स्वामीके धनका नाश हो जाय तो शूद्रको अपने कुट॒म्बके पालनसे बचे हुए धनके द्वारा उसका भरण- पोषण करना चाहिये

deyaḥ piṇḍo 'napatyāya, bhartavyau vṛddha-durbalau; yadi svāmī santāna-hīnaḥ syāt, tadā śuśrūṣaṇena śūdreṇa tasmai piṇḍa-dānaṃ kartavyam. yadi svāmī vṛddho vā durbalo vā syāt, tadā sarvathā tasya bharaṇa-poṣaṇaṃ kartavyam. āpadi api śūdrair na svāmī parityaktavyaḥ. yadi svāmi-dhanasya nāśaḥ syāt, tadā śūdreṇa sva-kuṭumba-pālanāt avaśiṣṭena dhanena tasya bharaṇaṃ kartavyam.

భీష్ముడు పలికెను—స్వామి సంతానహీనుడైతే అతని కోసం పిండదానం చేయవలెను. స్వామి వృద్ధుడైయో దుర్బలుడైయో ఉంటే, అన్ని విధాలా అతనిని పోషించి సేవించవలెను. ఆపదకాలంలో కూడా సేవక శూద్రుడు స్వామిని విడిచిపెట్టకూడదు. స్వామి ధనం నశించినచో, తన కుటుంబ పోషణానంతరం మిగిలినదానితో స్వామిని పోషించవలెను.

deyaḥto be given / should be offered
deyaḥ:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootdeya (√dā + ya, gerundive)
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
piṇḍaḥfuneral rice-ball offering (piṇḍa)
piṇḍaḥ:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootpiṇḍa
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
anapatyāyato/for one without offspring
anapatyāya:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootanapatya
Formmasculine, dative, singular
bhartavyaushould be maintained/supported (two persons)
bhartavyau:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootbhartavya (√bhṛ + tavya, gerundive)
Formmasculine, nominative, dual
vṛddha-durbalauthe old and the weak (two)
vṛddha-durbalau:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootvṛddha + durbala
Formmasculine, nominative, dual

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
Ś
Śūdra
S
svāmī (master)
P
piṇḍa (funeral offering)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches a service-based dharma: one who serves (here, a Śūdra attendant) must uphold obligations of care—performing piṇḍa for a childless master, supporting an aged or infirm master, and not abandoning him even in hardship; if the master loses wealth, support should continue from whatever surplus remains after maintaining one’s own household.

In the Śānti Parva’s dharma instruction, Bhīṣma is advising Yudhiṣṭhira on duties within social and household relationships, specifying the responsibilities of a serving Śūdra toward his master, especially regarding end-of-life rites and ongoing maintenance during adversity.