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Shloka 13

Adhyāya 55 — Yudhiṣṭhira’s Hesitation and Bhīṣma’s Authorization of Inquiry

Rājadharma Prelude

“जिन्होंने शास्त्रोंके रहस्यका श्रवण किया है, जो सदा ही यज्ञ, स्वाध्याय और धर्ममें लगे रहनेवाले तथा क्षमाशील हैं, वे पाण्डुनन्दन युधिष्ठिर मुझसे प्रश्न करें” ।। वायुदेव उवाच लज्जया परयोपेतो धर्मराजो युधिष्ठिर: । अभिशापभयाद्‌ भीतो भवन्तं नोपसर्पति,पूज्यान्‌ मान्यांश्न भक्तांश्व॒ गुरून्‌ सम्बन्धिबान्धवान्‌ | अर्घहनिषुभिर्भित्त्वा भवन्तं नोपसर्पति पूजनीय, माननीय गुरुजनों, भक्तों तथा अर्घ्य आदिके द्वारा सत्कार करने योग्य सम्बन्धियों एवं बन्धु-बान्धवोंका बाणोंद्वारा भेदन करके भयके मारे ये आपके पास नहीं आ रहे हैं

vāyudeva uvāca | lajjayā parayopeto dharmarājo yudhiṣṭhiraḥ | abhiśāpabhayād bhīto bhavantaṃ nopasarpati | pūjyān mānyāṃś ca bhaktāṃś ca gurūn sambandhi-bāndhavān | arghya-haniṣubhir bhittvā bhavantaṃ nopasarpati |

వాయుదేవుడు పలికెను—ధర్మరాజు యుధిష్ఠిరుడు ఘోర లజ్జతో కుంగిపోయి, శాపభయంతో భీతుడై, మీ సమీపానికి రాడు. పూజ్యులు, మాన్యులు—గురువులు, భక్తులు, అర్ఘ్యాదులతో సత్కరించదగిన బంధువులు, సన్నిహితులు—వారిని తన బాణాలతో ఛేదించినందున, ఆ భయంతోనే ఇప్పుడు మీ సన్నిధికి రావడం లేదు.

वायुदेवःVāyu-deva (the Wind-god)
वायुदेवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवायुदेव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
लज्जयाwith shame/modesty
लज्जया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootलज्जा
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
परयाsupreme, great
परया:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootपरा
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
उपेतःendowed with, possessed of
उपेतः:
TypeAdjective
Rootउप-इ (उपेत)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
धर्मराजःKing of Dharma (Dharmarāja)
धर्मराजः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधर्मराज
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
युधिष्ठिरःYudhiṣṭhira
युधिष्ठिरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुधिष्ठिर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अभिशापभयात्from fear of a curse
अभिशापभयात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootअभिशापभय
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
भीतःafraid
भीतः:
TypeAdjective
Rootभी (भीत)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भवन्तम्you (honorific)
भवन्तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootभवत्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
उपसर्पतिapproaches
उपसर्पति:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-सृप्
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
पूज्यान्those worthy of worship
पूज्यान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपूज्य
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
मान्यान्those worthy of honor
मान्यान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootमान्य
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
भक्तान्devotees
भक्तान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभक्त
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
गुरून्elders/teachers
गुरून्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगुरु
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
सम्बन्धिrelations (kinsmen)
सम्बन्धि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसम्बन्धिन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
बान्धवान्kinsmen, friends
बान्धवान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootबान्धव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अर्घ्यwith arghya-offerings (honorary offerings)
अर्घ्य:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअर्घ्य
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
हनिषुभिःwith arrows
हनिषुभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootहनिषु
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
भित्त्वाhaving pierced
भित्त्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootभिद्
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), Parasmaipada
भवन्तम्you (honorific)
भवन्तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootभवत्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
उपसर्पतिapproaches
उपसर्पति:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-सृप्
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

वायुदेव उवाच

V
Vāyudeva
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira (Dharmarāja)
P
Pāṇḍu (as patronymic in Pāṇḍunandana)
G
gurus/elders (collective)
K
kinsmen/relatives (collective)
A
arghya (honor-offering)
A
arrows (iṣu/bāṇa)

Educational Q&A

Even a righteous person can be overwhelmed by moral shame after violence, especially when it harms those traditionally owed reverence (gurus, elders, kin). The verse highlights the ethical weight of actions and the fear of spiritual/social consequences (a curse) that can follow wrongdoing or perceived wrongdoing.

Vāyudeva explains why Yudhiṣṭhira is not approaching the addressed revered figure: Yudhiṣṭhira feels intense shame and fears being cursed because, in the course of conflict, he has struck down or wounded people who were worthy of honor—teachers, elders, devotees, and relatives—so he hesitates to come near.