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Shloka 48

Prāyaścitta-vidhāna: Tapas, Dāna, Vrata, and Proportional Expiation (प्रायश्चित्तविधानम्)

ग्रामो धान्यैर्यथा शून्यो यथा कूपश्च निर्जल:ः । यथा हुतमनग्नौ च तथैव स्यान्निराकृती,“जिस प्रकार अन्तहीन ग्राम, जलरहित कुँआ और राखमें की हुई आहुति व्यर्थ होती है, उसी प्रकार मूर्ख ब्राह्मणको दिया हुआ दान भी व्यर्थ ही है

grāmo dhānyair yathā śūnyo yathā kūpaś ca nirjalaḥ | yathā hutam anagnau ca tathaiva syān nirākṛtiḥ ||

ధాన్యములేని గ్రామం, నీరులేని బావి, అగ్నిలేని చోట వేసిన ఆహుతి ఎలా ఫలించవో, అలాగే మూర్ఖ బ్రాహ్మణునికి ఇచ్చిన దానమూ ఫలహీనమవుతుంది।

ग्रामःvillage
ग्रामः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootग्राम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
धान्यैःwith grains; by grains
धान्यैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootधान्य
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
यथाas; just as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
शून्यःempty; devoid
शून्यः:
TypeAdjective
Rootशून्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यथाas; just as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
कूपःwell
कूपः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकूप
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
निर्जलःwaterless
निर्जलः:
TypeAdjective
Rootनिर्जल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यथाas; just as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
हुतम्an oblation offered
हुतम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootहु (धातु) → हुत (क्त)
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अनग्नौin (a place) without fire; in a fireless (altar)
अनग्नौ:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअनग्नि
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तथाso; likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
एवindeed; just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
स्यात्would be; should be
स्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
निराकृतिःrejection; fruitlessness; being set aside
निराकृतिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनिराकृति
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa
G
grāma (village)
K
kūpa (well)
A
agni (fire, implied by anagnau)
H
huta (oblation/offering)

Educational Q&A

Dāna yields spiritual fruit only when given with discernment to a worthy recipient; giving to an unfit or foolish person is compared to resources that cannot serve their purpose—grainless village, waterless well, and an oblation where there is no fire.

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on dharma and right conduct, Vyāsa uses a chain of vivid analogies to teach that charity must be guided by pātratā (worthiness), otherwise it becomes ineffective despite the act of giving.