Shloka 81

नारद–शुक संवादः

Impermanence, Svabhāva, and Śuka’s Resolve for Yoga

Devanagari script

एवमप्रतिबुद्धश्न बुध्यमानश्न तेडनघ । बुद्धश्नोक्तो यथातत्त्वं मया श्रुतिनिदर्शनात्‌

Transliteration

evam apratibuddhaś ca budhyamānaś ca te 'nagha | buddhaś coktō yathātattvaṁ mayā śrutinidarśanāt | niṣpāpa gandharvarāja |

Translation

ఓ నిష్పాప గంధర్వరాజా! ఈ విధంగా శ్రుతి-ప్రమాణాన్ని ఆధారంగా చేసుకొని నేను నీకు యథాతత్త్వంగా వివరించాను—అప్రతిబుద్ధ (అజాగ్రత) స్థితి, బోధకు దారి తీసే ప్రక్రియ, మరియు బుద్ధ (జాగ్రత) స్థితి। ఈ ఉపదేశంలో జడప్రకృతి, చైతన్యమయ జీవాత్మ, మరియు బోధస్వరూప పరమాత్మ—వీటి నిజమైన భేదాన్ని కూడా నేను స్పష్టంగా నిరూపించాను।

Word by Word

• एवम्: thus, in this manner
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एवम्

• अप्रतिबुद्धः: unawakened, not yet enlightened
• अप्रतिबुद्धः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अप्रतिबुद्ध
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• बुध्यमानः: awakening, becoming aware
• बुध्यमानः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: बुध्
• Form: Present active participle (Parasmaipada), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• ते: to you
• ते: Sampradana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Dative, Singular

• अनघ: O sinless one
• Type: Noun
• Root: अनघ
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• बुद्धः: awakened, enlightened
• बुद्धः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: बुद्ध
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• उक्तः: said, taught
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच्
• Form: Past passive participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• यथा: as, according to
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा

• तत्त्वम्: truth, reality, in its true nature
• तत्त्वम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: तत्त्व
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• मया: by me
• मया: Karana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• श्रुति-निदर्शनात्: from (the) illustration/evidence of the Veda (śruti)
• श्रुति-निदर्शनात्: Apadana
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्रुति + निदर्शन
• Form: Neuter, Ablative, Singular

• निष्पाप: O sinless one
• Type: Noun
• Root: निष्पाप
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• गन्धर्व-राज: O king of the Gandharvas
• Type: Noun
• Root: गन्धर्व + राजन्
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

Speaker

याज़्ञवल्क्य उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Yājñavalkya
• Gandharvarāja (King of the Gandharvas)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse summarizes a graded instruction: the unawakened state, the process of awakening through discernment, and the awakened realization. Yājñavalkya emphasizes that his account is grounded in śruti (Vedic revelation) and points toward correct knowledge of reality—distinguishing inert Nature (prakṛti), the conscious individual self (jīva/ātman), and the Supreme Self (paramātman) as pure awareness.

What is happening in the narrative?

Yājñavalkya addresses the Gandharva king respectfully as ‘sinless’ and concludes a doctrinal explanation. He states that he has taught the matter ‘as it truly is,’ citing śruti as his evidentiary basis, thereby closing or summarizing a section of instruction on awakening and true knowledge.