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Shloka 45

Adhyātma–Adhibhūta–Adhidaivata Correspondences and the Triguṇa Lakṣaṇas (Śānti-parva 301)

तेन ज्ञानेन विज्ञाय गतिं चाशुभकर्मणाम्‌ | तिर्यग्योनिगतानां च विज्ञाय गतय: पृथक्‌

bhīṣma uvāca | tena jñānena vijñāya gatiṃ cāśubhakarmaṇām | tiryagyonigatānāṃ ca vijñāya gatayaḥ pṛthak, yudhiṣṭhira |

యుధిష్ఠిరా, అదే జ్ఞానంతో అశుభకర్మాల ఫలితగతిని గ్రహించుము. అలాగే త్ర్యగ్యోనుల్లో జన్మించిన ప్రాణుల వేర్వేరు గమనాలను కూడా తెలుసుకొనుము; అప్పుడు పాపాచరణకు కలిగే అధఃఫలం స్పష్టమగును.

तेनby that
तेन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
ज्ञानेनby knowledge
ज्ञानेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootज्ञान
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
विज्ञायhaving known
विज्ञाय:
TypeVerb
Rootवि-ज्ञा
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)
गतिम्course/destination
गतिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगति
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अशुभकर्मणाम्of evil deeds
अशुभकर्मणाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootअशुभकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
तिर्यग्योनिगतानाम्of those gone to an animal-womb (subhuman birth)
तिर्यग्योनिगतानाम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootतिर्यग्योनिगत
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
विज्ञायhaving known
विज्ञाय:
TypeVerb
Rootवि-ज्ञा
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)
गतयःdestinations/courses
गतयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगति
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
पृथक्separately/distinctly
पृथक्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपृथक्
युधिष्ठिरO Yudhiṣṭhira
युधिष्ठिर:
TypeNoun
Rootयुधिष्ठिर
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
Y
Yudhishthira
T
tiryag-yoni (animal/non-human births)

Educational Q&A

Bhishma urges Yudhishthira to use discriminative knowledge to understand how unethical actions lead to lower destinies, and to recognize that even among non-human births there are distinct outcomes shaped by karma.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction section, Bhishma continues his post-war counsel to Yudhishthira, directing him toward a clear grasp of karmic consequences—especially the downward trajectories associated with harmful conduct and the differentiated fates of beings in animal births.