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Shloka 16

Adhyātma–Adhibhūta–Adhidaivata Correspondences and the Triguṇa Lakṣaṇas (Śānti-parva 301)

द्विगुणं च रजो ज्ञात्वा सत्त्वमेकगुणं पुन: । मार्ग विज्ञाय तत्त्वेन प्रलये प्रेक्षणे तथा

dviguṇaṁ ca rajo jñātvā sattvam ekaguṇaṁ punaḥ | mārgaṁ vijñāya tattvena pralaye prekṣaṇe tathā ||

భీష్ముడు పలికెను— రజస్సు ద్విగుణమని, సత్త్వము మళ్లీ ఏకగుణ స్వరూపమని గ్రహించి, తత్త్వముగా నిజమైన మార్గమును, ప్రళయసిద్ధాంతమును, అంతర్దర్శన సాధనను తెలిసికొని, ఇంద్రియవిషయాలను దోషాలతో సహా విచారించి, సమ్యగ్జ్ఞానముచే మోక్షదిశగా సాగుతాడు।

द्विगुणम्twofold (as having two qualities)
द्विगुणम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootद्विगुण
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
रजःrajas (the quality of activity/passion)
रजः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरजस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
ज्ञात्वाhaving known
ज्ञात्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootज्ञा
FormAbsolutive (Gerund)
सत्त्वम्sattva (the quality of clarity/goodness)
सत्त्वम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसत्त्व
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
एकगुणम्onefold (as having one quality)
एकगुणम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootएकगुण
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
पुनःagain; further
पुनः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः
मार्गम्path; way
मार्गम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमार्ग
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
विज्ञायhaving discerned/understood
विज्ञाय:
TypeVerb
Rootवि + ज्ञा
FormAbsolutive (Gerund)
तत्त्वेनby truth; in accordance with reality
तत्त्वेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootतत्त्व
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
प्रलयेin dissolution; at the time of cosmic dissolution
प्रलये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootप्रलय
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
प्रेक्षणेin contemplation/observation
प्रेक्षणे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootप्रेक्षण
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
तथाthus; likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma

Educational Q&A

The verse emphasizes discriminative knowledge of the guṇas—especially the structure of rajas and sattva—and insists that liberation-oriented practice depends on grasping the true path along with the principles of dissolution (pralaya) and contemplative inner examination (prekṣaṇa).

In Śānti Parva, Bhishma continues his post-war instruction to Yudhishthira, shifting from external duties to inner disciplines: analysis of nature (guṇas), correct discernment of the path, and contemplative insight that supports renunciation and liberation.