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Shloka 15

Adhyātma–Adhibhūta–Adhidaivata Correspondences and the Triguṇa Lakṣaṇas (Śānti-parva 301)

षड्गुणं च मनो ज्ञात्वा नभ: पञ्चगुणं तथा । बुद्धि चतुर्गुणां ज्ञात्वा तमश्न त्रिगुणं तथा

ṣaḍguṇaṃ ca mano jñātvā nabhaḥ pañcaguṇaṃ tathā | buddhiṃ caturguṇāṃ jñātvā tamaś ca triguṇaṃ tathā ||

భీష్ముడు పలికెను—మనస్సు ఆరు గుణములతో, ఆకాశము ఐదు గుణములతో, బుద్ధి నాలుగు గుణములతో, తమస్సు (అజ్ఞానం) మూడు గుణములతో ఉన్నదని తెలుసుకొని, సాధకుడు అనుభవపు ఈ క్రమబద్ధ నిర్మాణంపై వివేకాన్ని పొందుతాడు; ఆ వివేకమే విషయాసక్తిని తగ్గించి మోక్షమార్గాన్ని స్థిరపరుస్తుంది।

षड्गुणम्sixfold (having six qualities)
षड्गुणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootषड्गुण
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
मनःmind
मनः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमनस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
ज्ञात्वाhaving known
ज्ञात्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootज्ञा
Formक्त्वा (absolutive), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral), Non-finite
नभःsky/ether
नभः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनभस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
पञ्चगुणम्fivefold (having five qualities)
पञ्चगुणम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootपञ्चगुण
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तथाlikewise/so
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
बुद्धिम्intellect
बुद्धिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootबुद्धि
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
चतुर्गुणाम्fourfold (having four qualities)
चतुर्गुणाम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootचतुर्गुण
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
ज्ञात्वाhaving known
ज्ञात्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootज्ञा
Formक्त्वा (absolutive), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral), Non-finite
तमःdarkness; tamas (quality)
तमः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootतमस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
त्रिगुणम्threefold (having three qualities)
त्रिगुणम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootत्रिगुण
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तथाlikewise/so
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches analytical discernment: by classifying mind, space, intellect, and tamas according to their respective sets of qualities, a seeker learns to distinguish the layers of experience and loosen attachment to sense-objects—an aid to liberation-oriented knowledge (jñāna) in Sāṅkhya-Yoga.

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction section, Bhishma continues his philosophical exposition to the king, presenting a compact schema of how different inner and elemental principles are understood through their ‘qualities,’ as part of a broader teaching on knowledge and release.