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Shloka 41

अव्यक्तकालमान-निर्णयः

Measures of Time from the Unmanifest; Creation, Elements, and the Primacy of Mind

साध्या ऊचु. क: स्विदेको रमते ब्राह्मणानां कः: स्विदेको बहुभिरजोषमास्ते । कः स्विदेको बलवान्‌ दुर्बलो5पि कः स्विदेषां कलहं नान्ववैति,साध्योंने पूछा--हंस! ब्राह्मणोंमें कौन एकमात्र सुखका अनुभव करता है? वह कौन ऐसा एक मनुष्य है, जो बहुतोंके साथ रहकर भी चुप रहता है? वह कौन एक मनुष्य है, जो दुर्बल होनेपर भी बलवान्‌ है तथा इनमें कौन ऐसा है, जो किसीके साथ कलह नहीं करता?

sādhyā ūcuḥ—kaḥ svideko ramate brāhmaṇānāṃ? kaḥ svideko bahubhir ajoṣam āste? kaḥ svideko balavān durbalo 'pi? kaḥ svideṣāṃ kalahaṃ nānvavaiti?

సాధ్యులు అడిగిరి—ఓ హంసా! బ్రాహ్మణులలో ఎవడు ఒక్కడే నిజంగా సంతృప్తిలో రమిస్తాడు? ఎవడు అనేకుల మధ్య నివసించినా ప్రేరణ లేకుండా మౌనంగా ఉంటాడు? ఎవడు దుర్బలుడైనా బలవంతుడు? మరియు వీరిలో ఎవడు ఎవ్వరితోనూ కలహంలో ప్రవేశించడు?

साध्याःthe Sādhyas
साध्याः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसाध्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
ऊचुःsaid/spoke
ऊचुः:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
कःwho?
कः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्वित्indeed/ever (interrogative particle)
स्वित्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootस्वित्
एकःone (single person)
एकः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootएक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
रमतेdelights/is happy
रमते:
TypeVerb
Rootरम्
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada
ब्राह्मणानाम्of the Brahmins
ब्राह्मणानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
कःwho?
कः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्वित्indeed/ever (interrogative particle)
स्वित्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootस्वित्
एकःone
एकः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootएक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
बहुभिःwith/by many (people)
बहुभिः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootबहु
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
अजोषम्does not associate/does not mix (with)
अजोषम्:
TypeVerb
Rootजुष्
FormAorist, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada, अ- (prohibitive/negative prefix here as augment-like negation)
आस्तेsits/remains
आस्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootआस्
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada
कःwho?
कः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्वित्indeed/ever (interrogative particle)
स्वित्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootस्वित्
एकःone
एकः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootएक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
बलवान्strong/powerful
बलवान्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootबलवत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दुर्बलःweak
दुर्बलः:
TypeAdjective
Rootदुर्बल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अपिeven/although
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
कःwho?
कः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्वित्indeed/ever (interrogative particle)
स्वित्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootस्वित्
एषाम्of these (people)
एषाम्:
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
कलहम्quarrel/strife
कलहम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकलह
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अन्ववैतिfollows/enters into (i.e., engages in)
अन्ववैति:
TypeVerb
Rootअनु + अव + इ
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

हंस उवाच

साध्याः (Sādhyas)
हंस (Haṃsa)
ब्राह्मणाः (brāhmaṇas)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames ethical ideals through questions: true happiness is linked with inner contentment; real strength can be moral strength even in bodily weakness; wisdom includes restraint of speech and the ability to live among many without agitation; and the highest conduct avoids quarrel and needless conflict.

In Śānti Parva, the Sādhyas address Haṃsa and pose a set of probing questions about exemplary brāhmaṇa conduct—who is content, who remains calm among crowds, who is strong despite weakness, and who avoids disputes—setting up Haṃsa’s forthcoming answers on dharma and character.