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Shloka 30

मोक्षोपाय-निर्णयः

Determination of the Means to Liberation

यत्र वै पापकृन्नीचो न महद्‌ दुःखमर्च्छति । वर्धन्ते तत्र पापानि धर्मो हसति च ध्रुवम्‌,जहाँ पाप करनेवाले नीचको महान्‌ दुःख नहीं भोगना पड़ता है, वहाँ निश्चय ही पाप बढ़ता है और धर्मका हास होता है

yatra vai pāpakṛn nīco na mahad duḥkham arcchati | vardhante tatra pāpāni dharmo hasati ca dhruvam ||

పాపం చేసే నీచుడు గొప్ప దుఃఖాన్ని అనుభవించనిచోట, అక్కడ పాపం నిశ్చయంగా పెరుగుతుంది; ధర్మం తప్పక అవమానింపబడుతుంది, క్షీణిస్తుంది.

यत्रwhere
यत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयत्र
FormAdverb (relative); locative sense 'where'
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
FormParticle (emphasis)
पापकृत्evil-doer, sinner
पापकृत्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपापकृत्
FormMasculine; nominative singular
नीचःbase, low (person)
नीचः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootनीच
FormMasculine; nominative singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
FormNegation
महत्great
महत्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
FormNeuter; accusative singular (agreeing with दुःखम्)
दुःखम्suffering, pain
दुःखम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदुःख
FormNeuter; accusative singular
ऋच्छतिattains, meets with
ऋच्छति:
TypeVerb
Rootऋच्छ्
FormPresent tense; parasmaipada; 3rd person singular
वर्धन्तेincrease, grow
वर्धन्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootवृध्
FormPresent tense; ātmanepada; 3rd person plural
तत्रthere
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
FormAdverb (locative) 'there'
पापानिsins, evils
पापानि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपाप
FormNeuter; nominative plural
धर्मःdharma, righteousness
धर्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine; nominative singular
हसतिlaughs (i.e., is mocked/declines)
हसति:
TypeVerb
Rootहस्
FormPresent tense; parasmaipada; 3rd person singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
FormConjunction
ध्रुवम्certainly, surely
ध्रुवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootध्रुव
FormAdverbial accusative (certainty)

हुमत्सेन उवाच

H
Humatsena

Educational Q&A

If wrongdoers do not face serious consequences, wrongdoing spreads and dharma loses authority; justice and accountability are necessary to sustain moral order.

Humatsena states a general principle about society and rule: when a sinful, ignoble person escapes suffering or punishment, it emboldens further sin and causes dharma to be ridiculed and weakened.