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Shloka 19

मृत्योर्ब्रह्मणा नियोजनम् — The Commissioning of Mṛtyu by Brahmā

संगुप्तान्यात्मनो द्वाराण्यपिधाय विचिन्तयन्‌ । यो ह्यास्ते ब्राह्मण:शिष्ट: स आत्मरतिरुच्यते

saṃguptāny ātmano dvārāṇy apidhāya vicintayan | yo hy āste brāhmaṇaḥ śiṣṭaḥ sa ātmaratir ucyate ||

తన ఇంద్రియద్వారములను సురక్షితంగా కాపాడి, అన్ని వైపులా మూసివేసి, నిత్యం బ్రహ్మచింతనలో నిలిచివుండే శిష్టుడైన బ్రాహ్మణుడే ‘ఆత్మరతి’ (ఆత్మారాముడు) అని చెప్పబడును.

संगुप्तानिwell-guarded, secured
संगुप्तानि:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसंगुप्त (सम्+गुप्, कृदन्त-विशेषण)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
आत्मनःof the self
आत्मनः:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
द्वाराणिdoors, gateways (sense-doors)
द्वाराणि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootद्वार
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
अपिधायhaving closed/shut
अपिधाय:
Kriya (Purvakala)
TypeVerb
Rootअपि+धा (धातु: धा)
FormAbsolutive (Gerund)
विचिन्तयन्reflecting, contemplating
विचिन्तयन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवि+चिन्त्
FormPresent participle (Parasmaipada), Singular, Masculine, Nominative
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
हिindeed
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
आस्तेsits/remains
आस्ते:
Kriya
TypeVerb
Rootआस्
FormPresent, 3, Singular, Atmanepada
ब्राह्मणःa brahmin
ब्राह्मणः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शिष्टःdisciplined, well-conducted, learned
शिष्टः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootशिष्ट (शास्-धातु, कृदन्त/विशेषण)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
आत्मरतिःone whose delight is in the self (self-contented)
आत्मरतिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मरति
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
उच्यतेis called
उच्यते:
Kriya
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPresent, 3, Singular, Passive

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa
B
brāhmaṇa

Educational Q&A

True excellence is defined by inner mastery: one who guards and restrains the senses and abides in steady contemplation is called ātmarati—content in the Self rather than dependent on external pleasures.

Vyāsa characterizes the ideal disciplined person: by metaphorically shutting the ‘gates’ of the senses and turning attention inward, the exemplary brāhmaṇa remains in contemplation and is praised as self-delighting (ātmarati).