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Shloka 5

Adhyāya 214: Tapas Redefined—Perpetual Discipline, Hospitality, and the Ethics of Eating (तपः-निरूपणम्, विघसाशी-अतिथिप्रिय-धर्मः)

तांस्तानुपासते धर्मान्‌ धर्मकामा यथागमम्‌ । न त्वेषामर्थसामान्यमन्तरेण गुणानिमान्‌,धर्मकी इच्छा रखनेवाले मनुष्य शास्त्रके अनुसार उन-उन यज्ञादि सकाम धर्मोका अनुष्ठान करते हैं; किंतु आगे बताये जानेवाले गुणोंके बिना इन्हें सबके लिये समानरूपसे अभीष्ट मोक्ष नामक पुरुषार्थकी प्राप्ति नहीं होती

tāṁs tān upāsate dharmān dharmakāmā yathāgamam | na tv eṣām arthasāmānyam antareṇa guṇān imān ||

ధర్మాన్ని కోరేవారు శాస్త్రోక్త విధానానుసారం యజ్ఞాదిగా వివిధ సకామ ధర్మకర్మలను యథావిధిగా ఆచరిస్తారు; కానీ ఇకపై చెప్పబోయే ఈ గుణాలు లేకపోతే, వాటివల్ల అందరికీ సమానంగా అభీష్టమైన పురుషార్థం—ప్రత్యేకంగా మోక్షం—సిద్ధించదు.

तान्those
तान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
तान्those (respective)
तान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
उपासतेthey practice/observe
उपासते:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootउप-आस्
FormPresent, Indicative, Atmanepada, Third, Plural
धर्मान्duties/rites
धर्मान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
धर्मकामाःdesirous of dharma
धर्मकामाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootधर्मकाम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
यथाas/according to
यथा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
आगमम्scripture/tradition
आगमम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootआगम
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तुbut/however
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
एषाम्of these (persons/rites)
एषाम्:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
अर्थसामान्यम्common goal/common purport
अर्थसामान्यम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअर्थसामान्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अन्तरेणwithout
अन्तरेण:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअन्तरेण
गुणान्qualities
गुणान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगुण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
इमान्these
इमान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma

Educational Q&A

Scripturally prescribed rituals and duties, though valid, do not by themselves secure the highest and universally desired end (notably liberation); they must be supported by essential virtues (guṇas) that Bhishma will enumerate next.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on dharma, Bhishma continues advising the listener by distinguishing between performing various Vedic/ritual duties as taught in scripture and attaining the higher, common human goal, emphasizing the necessity of inner moral qualities.