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Shloka 86

बक-गौतमाख्यानम् / The Baka–Gautama Account

On Gratitude and Friendship Ethics

पृथुस्तूप्तादयामास धनुराद्यमरिंदम: । तेनेयं पृथिवी दुग्धा सस्यानि सुबहून्यपि । धर्मेण च यथापूर्व वैन्येन परिरक्षिता,शत्रुदमन पृथुने सबसे पहले धनुषका उत्पादन किया था और उन्होंने ही इस पृथ्वीसे नाना प्रकारके शस्यों (अन्नके बीजों) का दोहन किया था। उन वेनकुमार पृथुने पहलेके ही समान धर्मपूर्वक इस पृथ्वीकी रक्षा की थी

pṛthus tūptādayāmāsa dhanur ādyam ariṃdamaḥ | teneyaṃ pṛthivī dugdhā sasyāni subahūny api | dharmeṇa ca yathāpūrvaṃ vainyena parirakṣitā ||

భీష్ముడు పలికెను—శత్రుదమనుడైన పృథువు మొదటగా ధనుస్సు ప్రయోగాన్ని స్థాపించాడు. అతనివల్లనే ఈ భూమి ‘దోహన’మై అనేక రకాల విస్తారమైన ధాన్యాలు, విత్తనాలు ప్రసవించింది. వెనపుత్రుడైన ఆ పృథువు పూర్వకాలంలాగానే ధర్మమార్గంలో భూమిని పరిరక్షించాడు.

पृथुःPrithu (the king)
पृथुः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपृथु (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तूप्तात्from (his) satisfaction/being pleased
तूप्तात्:
Apadana
TypeAdjective
Rootतूप्त (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Ablative, Singular
अदयामासgave / bestowed
अदयामास:
TypeVerb
Rootदा (धातु)
FormPerfect (लिट्), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
धनुःbow
धनुः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधनुस् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
आद्यम्first / original
आद्यम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootआद्य (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अरिंदमःfoe-subduer (epithet of Prithu)
अरिंदमः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअरिंदम (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तेनby him / with him
तेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
इयम्this
इयम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
पृथिवीearth
पृथिवी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपृथिवी (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
दुग्धाwas milked / was extracted
दुग्धा:
TypeVerb
Rootदुह् (धातु) → दुग्ध (कृदन्त)
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)
सस्यानिcrops / grains / produce
सस्यानि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसस्य (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
सुvery / well
सु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसु (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
बहूनिmany
बहूनि:
TypeAdjective
Rootबहु (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
अपिalso / even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
धर्मेणby righteousness / according to dharma
धर्मेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
यथाas / just as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा (अव्यय)
पूर्वम्formerly / earlier
पूर्वम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपूर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
वैन्येनby Vainya (Prithu, son of Vena)
वैन्येन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootवैन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
परिरक्षिताwas protected / guarded
परिरक्षिता:
TypeVerb
Rootपरि + रक्ष् (धातु) → परिरक्षित (कृदन्त)
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
P
Pṛthu (Vainya)
V
Vena
P
Pṛthivī (Earth)
D
Dhanuḥ (bow)

Educational Q&A

A king’s power (symbolized by the bow) is justified when exercised according to dharma: protecting the earth/realm and enabling prosperity so that the land yields abundant produce for the people.

Bhīṣma cites King Pṛthu as an exemplary ruler: he pioneered the institutional use of the bow for royal protection, ‘milked’ the Earth to produce plentiful crops (a metaphor for organizing resources and agriculture), and guarded the realm righteously like the ideal rulers of old.