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Shloka 54

Daṇḍa as the Foundation of Social Order (दण्डप्रतिष्ठा)

मा च ते निघ्नतः शत्रून मन्युर्भवतु पार्थिव । न तत्र किल्बिषं किंचित्‌ कर्तुर्भवीति भारत,राजन! शत्रुओंका वध करते समय आपके मनमें दीनता नहीं आनी चाहिये। भारत! शत्रुओंका वध करनेसे कर्ताको कोई पाप नहीं लगता

mā ca te nighnataḥ śatrūn manyur bhavatu pārthiva | na tatra kilbiṣaṃ kiñcit kartur bhavīti bhārata || rājan! śatrūṇāṃ vadhaṃ kurvataḥ samaye tava manasi dīnatā nāgantavyā | bhārata! śatrūṇāṃ vadhaṃ kṛtvā kartari kaścid api pāpa-doṣo na lipyate ||

రాజా! శత్రువులను సంహరించేటప్పుడు నీ మనసులో దిగులు గానీ, ఆత్మనింద గానీ కలగనివ్వకు. ఓ భారతా! శత్రుసంహారంలో కర్తకు ఏ పాపమూ అంటదు।

माdo not
मा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमा
Formprohibitive particle (used with optative/imperative sense)
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
Formconjunction
तेof you / your
ते:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद्
Formmasc/fem/neut, genitive singular (enclitic)
निघ्नतःwhile slaying
निघ्नतः:
TypeVerb
Rootनिघ्नत् (from धातु √हन् with नि-)
Formpresent active participle, genitive singular (agreeing with ते)
शत्रून्enemies
शत्रून्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशत्रु
Formmasculine, accusative plural
मन्युःwrath / anger
मन्युः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमन्यु
Formmasculine, nominative singular
भवतुlet (it) be / may (it) arise
भवतु:
TypeVerb
Root√भू
Formimperative, 3rd person singular, parasmaipada
पार्थिवO king
पार्थिव:
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थिव
Formmasculine, vocative singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
Formnegation
तत्रtherein / in that act
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
Formadverb of place/occasion
किल्बिषम्sin / fault
किल्बिषम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकिल्बिष
Formneuter, nominative singular
किंचित्any (at all)
किंचित्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकिंचित्
Formindefinite particle (used adverbially/quantitatively)
कर्तुःof the doer / agent
कर्तुः:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootकर्तृ (from √कृ)
Formmasculine, genitive singular
भवतिis / arises / accrues
भवति:
TypeVerb
Root√भू
Formpresent indicative, 3rd person singular, parasmaipada
भारतO Bharata
भारत:
TypeNoun
Rootभारत
Formmasculine, vocative singular
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
Formmasculine, vocative singular

अजुन उवाच

A
Arjuna
B
Bharata (as an epithet/address)
P
Pārthiva (king, addressed)
Ś
Śatru (enemies)

Educational Q&A

Arjuna frames enemy-slaying, when performed as rightful royal/warrior duty, as ethically non-culpable: the agent should not fall into dejection or self-condemnation, and no moral stain (kilbiṣa) is said to attach in that context.

Arjuna addresses a king (pārthiva, rājan), urging him to act decisively against enemies without inner collapse or remorse, asserting that such action—under the rubric of duty—does not incur sin for the doer.