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Shloka 19

आपद्धर्मे राज्ञः नीतिः — Bharadvāja’s Counsel on Crisis-Statecraft (Śānti Parva 138)

आदी न कुरुते श्रेय: कुशलो<स्मीति यः पुमान्‌ | स संशयमवाप्रोति यथा सम्प्रतिपत्तिमान्‌,जो पुरुष यह समझकर कि मैं बड़ा कार्यकुशल हूँ, पहलेसे ही अपने कल्याणका उपाय नहीं करता, वह प्रत्युत्पन्नमति मत्स्यके समान प्राणसंशयकी स्थितिमें पड़ जाता है

ādau na kurute śreyaḥ kuśalo 'smīti yaḥ pumān | sa saṁśayam avāpnoti yathā sampratipattimān matsyaḥ ||

భీష్ముడు పలికెను—“నేను సమర్థుడను” అని భావించి ఆరంభంలోనే తన శ్రేయస్సుకు ఉపాయాలు చేయని వాడు, తక్షణబుద్ధి గల చేపవలె ప్రాణసంశయమునకు, అపాయమునకు లోనవుతాడు. కనుక కేవలం ఆత్మవిశ్వాసమునో చివరి క్షణపు చాతుర్యమునో ఆధారపడక, ముందుగానే తన మేలును స్థిరపరచుకోవలెను.

आदौat first, in the beginning
आदौ:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआदि
FormAdverb (locative-form used adverbially): 'in the beginning/at first'
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
FormNegation particle
कुरुतेdoes, undertakes
कुरुते:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormPresent tense (Lat), Ātmanepada, 3rd person, singular
श्रेयःwelfare, the good (beneficial course)
श्रेयः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootश्रेयस्
FormNeuter, accusative, singular
कुशलःskilled, competent
कुशलः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootकुशल
FormMasculine, nominative, singular
अस्मिI am
अस्मि:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormPresent tense (Lat), Parasmaipada, 1st person, singular
इतिthus, thinking/quoting
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
FormQuotative particle
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, nominative, singular
पुमान्a man, person
पुमान्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुमांस्
FormMasculine, nominative, singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, nominative, singular
संशयम्doubt; peril/uncertainty
संशयम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसंशय
FormMasculine, accusative, singular
अवाप्नोतिattains, falls into
अवाप्नोति:
TypeVerb
Rootअव + आप्
FormPresent tense (Lat), Parasmaipada, 3rd person, singular
यथाas, like
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
FormComparative particle
सम्प्रतिपत्तिमान्one who has presence of mind/ready resource
सम्प्रतिपत्तिमान्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसम्प्रतिपत्ति + मत्
FormMasculine, nominative, singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
M
matsya (fish)

Educational Q&A

Do not rely on mere confidence in one’s skill; secure one’s true welfare (śreyas) early through timely, well-considered action. Last-minute cleverness cannot always avert danger once circumstances have turned adverse.

In Bhishma’s instruction in the Shanti Parva, he warns the listener through a simile: a person who postpones beneficial measures because he thinks himself capable ends up in a life-threatening predicament, like a fish that is quick-witted in the moment yet still gets trapped.