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Shloka 20

Gaṇānāṃ Vṛttiḥ — On the Sustenance and Cohesion of Assemblies

Gaṇa-nīti

प्राज्ञान्‌ शूरान्‌ महोत्साहान्‌ कर्मसु स्थिरपौरुषान्‌ । मानयन्तः सदा युक्ता विवर्धन्ते गणा नूप,नरेश्वर! संघराज्यके सदस्य सदा बुद्धिमान, शूरवीर, महान्‌ उत्साही और सभी कार्योमें दृढ़ पुरुषार्थका परिचय देनेवाले लोगोंका सदा सम्मान करते हुए राज्यकी उन्नतिके लिये उद्योगशील बने रहते हैं। इसीलिये वे शीघ्र आगे बढ़ जाते हैं

prājñān śūrān mahotsāhān karmasu sthira-pauruṣān | mānayantaḥ sadā yuktā vivardhante gaṇā nṛpa, nareśvara! saṅgharājye ke sadasyāḥ sadā buddhimān śūravīrā mahotsāhāḥ sarva-kāryeṣu dṛḍha-pauruṣa-paricaya-yuktān janān sadā mānayantaḥ rājyasyonnatyai udyoginaḥ bhavanti | tasmāt te śīghram agre vardhante ||

భీష్ముడు పలికెను— నరేశ్వరా! జ్ఞానులు, శూరులు, మహోత్సాహులు, కార్యాలలో స్థిరమైన పురుషార్థం గలవారిని సదా గౌరవిస్తూ, రాజ్యోన్నతికి నిత్యం శ్రమించే గణసమూహాలు త్వరగా వృద్ధి చెందుతాయి.

प्राज्ञान्wise (persons)
प्राज्ञान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootप्राज्ञ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
शूरान्brave (persons)
शूरान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootशूर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
महोत्साहान्of great enthusiasm/energy
महोत्साहान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootमहोत्साह
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
कर्मसुin actions/works
कर्मसु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Locative, Plural
स्थिरपौरुषान्having steadfast manliness/effort
स्थिरपौरुषान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootस्थिरपौरुष
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
मानयन्तःhonouring/respecting
मानयन्तः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootमानय् (√मान्, caus.)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural, शतृ (present active participle)
सदाalways
सदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसदा
युक्ताःengaged/intent, disciplined
युक्ताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootयुक्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural, क्त (past passive participle)
विवर्धन्तेprosper/increase
विवर्धन्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootवि+वृध्
FormPresent, Atmanepada, Third, Plural
गणाःgroups/assemblies (councils)
गणाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
नृपO king
नृप:
TypeNoun
Rootनृप
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
नरेश्वरO lord of men
नरेश्वर:
TypeNoun
Rootनरेश्वर
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
K
King (nṛpa/nareśvara)
G
gaṇa (assembly/group)
S
saṅgharājya (confederate polity)
S
sadasya (members of the assembly)

Educational Q&A

A polity—especially an assembly-based one—prospers when it consistently honors and elevates merit: wisdom, bravery, high initiative, and steadfastness in work. Respect for capable people and disciplined collective effort leads to rapid advancement.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on rājadharma, Bhishma advises the king on principles of statecraft. Here he explains how organized groups/assemblies grow strong: by remaining united and industrious and by continually honoring competent, virtuous, and energetic individuals.