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Mahabharata 7.74.42Drona Parva, Adhyaya 74, Shloka 42

अर्जुनस्य सैन्धवाभिमुखगमनम् तथा विन्दानुविन्दयोर्वधः

Arjuna’s advance toward Saindhava and the fall of Vinda–Anuvinda

अग्न्यातिथ्यविहीनाश्न गोपानेषु च विघ्नदा: । रजस्वलां सेवयन्त: कन्यां शुल्केन दायिन:

agnyātithyavīhīnāśn go-pāneṣu ca vighnadāḥ | rajasvalāṁ sevayantaḥ kanyāṁ śulkena dāyinaḥ ||

అర్జునుడు అన్నాడు—అగ్నిహోత్రం చేయక, అతిథి సత్కారం చేయక భోజనం చేసేవారికి; పశువుల నీటి త్రాగుటకు అడ్డుపడేవారికి; రజస్వల స్త్రీతో సంగమించేవారికి; ధర తీసుకొని కన్యాదానం చేసేవారికి ఏ గతి ఉందో—నేను రేపటిలోగా జయద్రథుణ్ని సంహరించకపోతే అదే గతి నాకు కలుగుగాక।

अग्निin the sacred fire / in agnihotra
अग्नि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
आतिथ्यin hospitality to guests
आतिथ्य:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootआतिथ्य
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
विहीनाःdevoid (of)
विहीनाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootविहीन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
अश्नन्eating
अश्नन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअश्
FormPresent, 3, Singular, Parasmaipada, present active participle used predicatively (masc. nom. sg.)
गोपानेषुat/among cattle-watering places (cow-troughs)
गोपानेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootगोपान
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
विघ्नदाःcausing obstruction
विघ्नदाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootविघ्नद
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
रजस्वलाम्a menstruating woman
रजस्वलाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरजस्वला
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
सेवयन्तःindulging in / consorting with
सेवयन्तः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootसेव्
FormPresent active participle, Masculine, Nominative, Plural
कन्याम्a maiden/daughter
कन्याम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकन्या
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
शुल्केनfor a price / with bride-price
शुल्केन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशुल्क
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
दायिनःgiving (in marriage)
दायिनः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootदायिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

अजुन उवाच

A
Arjuna
J
Jayadratha
S
sacred fire (agni)
G
guest/hospitality (ātithya)
C
cattle (go)
W
watering places (go-pāna)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames a warrior’s vow in moral terms: Arjuna stakes his own spiritual fate on fulfilling a righteous objective, invoking well-known dharmic transgressions (neglect of sacred fire and hospitality, harming cattle, sexual and marital improprieties) as the benchmark of disgrace he refuses to incur.

In the Drona Parva, after Abhimanyu’s death and Jayadratha’s role in blocking the Pandavas, Arjuna swears an oath that he will kill Jayadratha by the next day; failing that, he declares he deserves the same dire fate as grievous sinners.

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