Shloka 11

Devanagari script

धृष्टय्युम्ने सात्यकौ च भीमे चापि पराजिते । युधिष्ठिरस्य॒ तैर्वाक्यैर्मर्मण्यपि च घट्टिते

Transliteration

dhṛṣṭadyumne sātyakau ca bhīme cāpi parājite | yudhiṣṭhirasya tair vākyair marmāṇy api ca ghaṭṭite ||

Translation

ధృష్టద్యుమ్నుడు, సాత్యకి, భీముడు పరాజితులై, యుధిష్ఠిరుడుకూడా వారి మాటలచేత మర్మస్థానంలో గాయపడినప్పుడు।

Word by Word

धृष्टद्युम्नेin/with regard to Dhrishtadyumna

सात्यकौin/with regard to Satyaki

चand

भीमेin/with regard to Bhima

चand

अपिalso/even

पराजितेwhen defeated / in the state of being defeated

युधिष्ठिरस्यof Yudhishthira

तैःby those

वाक्यैःby words/speeches

मर्मणिin a vital spot / at the sensitive point

अपिalso/even

चand

घट्टितेwhen struck/pressed/hurt

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

Sañjaya

Dhṛṣṭadyumna

Sātyaki

Bhīma

Yudhiṣṭhira

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

War Context

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Geographic Context

Cross References

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights that in dharmic leadership, defeat is not only physical; words of reproach or urgent counsel can pierce deeper than weapons. A ruler like Yudhiṣṭhira is ethically tested when the suffering of allies and their pointed speech forces him to confront responsibility, resolve, and the demands of righteous action amid war.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports a crisis for the Pāṇḍavas: key warriors—Dhṛṣṭadyumna, Sātyaki, and Bhīma—have been overcome. In that context, Yudhiṣṭhira is emotionally and morally shaken, as the words spoken by those involved strike him at his most sensitive points, intensifying the tension and urgency of the unfolding battle situation.