Shloka 10

Devanagari script

संजय उवाच युवराजे हते चैव वृद्धक्षत्रे च पौरवे । इष्वस्त्रविधिसम्पन्ने मालवे च सुदर्शने

Transliteration

sañjaya uvāca yuvārāje hate caiva vṛddhakṣatre ca paurave | iṣv-astravidhi-sampanne mālave ca sudarśane

Translation

సంజయుడు అన్నాడు—యువరాజు హతుడైనప్పుడు, అలాగే పౌరవుడైన వృద్ధక్షత్రుడు—బాణాస్త్ర విద్యల్లో నిపుణుడు—కూడా పడిపోయినప్పుడు; మాలవ యోధుడు సుదర్శనుడూ (యుద్ధంలో) హతుడైనప్పుడు.

Word by Word

• संजयः: Sanjaya
• संजयः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: संजय
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• उवाच: said
• उवाच: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच्
• Form: Perfect (Paroksha-bhuta), Third, Singular

• युवराजे: in/when the crown prince
• युवराजे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: युवराज
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• हते: being slain
• हते: Adhikarana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: हन्
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• एव: indeed/just
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव

• वृद्धक्षत्रे: in/when Vriddhakshatra
• वृद्धक्षत्रे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: वृद्धक्षत्र
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• पौरवे: in/when the Paurava (descendant of Puru)
• पौरवे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: पौरव
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• इष्वस्त्रविधिसम्पन्ने: in/when (one) accomplished in the science of missiles and weapons
• इष्वस्त्रविधिसम्पन्ने: Adhikarana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: इष्वस्त्रविधि-संपन्न
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• मालवे: in/when the Malava
• मालवे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: मालव
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• सुदर्शने: in/when Sudarshana
• सुदर्शने: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुदर्शन
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• yuvārāja (young prince)
• Vṛddhakṣatra
• Paurava lineage
• Sudarśana
• Mālava

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Even consummate mastery of weapons (iṣv-astravidhi) does not guarantee safety in war; the narrative underscores the inevitability of loss and the heavy ethical weight borne by warriors who pursue victory through slaughter.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports a sequence of battlefield deaths: the yuvārāja (young prince), Vṛddhakṣatra of the Pauravas, and the Mālava warrior Sudarśana—figures noted for their skill in archery and weaponry—indicating a decisive and grim turn in the fighting.