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Mahabharata 7.191.1Drona Parva, Adhyaya 191, Shloka 1

(दाक्षिणात्य अधिक पाठके २ श्लोक मिलाकर कुल ५६ श्लोक हैं।) ऑपन-आ प्रात बछ। अर: 2 एकोननवर्त्याधेकशततमो< ध्याय: धृष्टद्युम्नका दुःशासनको हराकर द्रोणाचार्यपर आक्रमण

sañjaya uvāca | tasmiṁs tathā vartamāne gajāśvanarasaṁkṣaye | duḥśāsano mahārāja dhṛṣṭadyumnam ayodhayat |

సంజయుడు పలికెను—మహారాజా! ఏనుగులు, గుర్రాలు, మనుష్యుల సంహారం జరుగుతున్న ఆ యుద్ధం అలా కొనసాగుతుండగా, దుఃశాసనుడు ధృష్టద్యుమ్నునితో యుద్ధానికి దిగాడు.

संजयःSanjaya
संजयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसंजय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect (Paroksha-bhuta), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
तस्मिन्in that (situation/time)
तस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
तथाthus, in that manner
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
वर्तमानेwhile occurring, in progress
वर्तमाने:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootवर्तमान
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
गज-अश्व-नर-संक्षयेin the destruction of elephants, horses, and men
गज-अश्व-नर-संक्षये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootगज + अश्व + नर + संक्षय
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
दुःशासनःDuhshasana
दुःशासनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदुःशासन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
महाराजO great king
महाराज:
TypeNoun
Rootमहाराज
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
धृष्टद्युम्नम्Dhrishtadyumna
धृष्टद्युम्नम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधृष्टद्युम्न
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अयोधयत्made (him) fight; fought with
अयोधयत्:
TypeVerb
Rootयुध्
FormImperfect (Anadyatana-bhuta), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada, true

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by address mahārāja)
D
Duḥśāsana
D
Dhṛṣṭadyumna
G
gaja (elephants)
A
aśva (horses)
N
nara (men/warriors)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores the dehumanizing momentum of war: as the battle ‘proceeds’ it becomes a generalized slaughter of all combat resources—elephants, horses, and men—while individual duels continue within that larger devastation. Ethically, it frames how personal enmities and martial duty operate inside a wider collapse of life.

Sanjaya reports to King Dhritarashtra that, amid the ongoing carnage on the battlefield, the Kaurava warrior Duhshasana directly engages the Pandava commander Dhrishtadyumna in combat.

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