Shloka 13

Devanagari script

ईषादण्डकयोक्त्रांश्व युगानि विविधानि च | हस्त्यज्ञानि तथाश्रांश्व मृतांश्व॒ पुरुषान्‌ बहुन्‌

Transliteration

īṣādaṇḍakayoktrāṃś ca yugāni vividhāni ca | hastyajñāni tathāśrāṃś ca mṛtāṃś ca puruṣān bahūn |

Translation

సంజయుడు పలికెను—అక్కడ ఈషాదండాలు, దండాలు, జూళ్లు, కట్టెలు, నానావిధమైన యుగాలు, కట్టుబాట్లు; అలాగే మహావతులు, తెగిన అవయవాలు, మృత గుర్రాలు, అనేక మంది గాయపడినవారు మరియు మృతులు కనిపించారు.

Word by Word

• ईषा: poles/shafts (of carts)
• ईषा: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: ईषा
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Plural

• दण्डक: staffs/rods
• दण्डक: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: दण्डक
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• योक्त्राणि: yokes/straps
• योक्त्राणि: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: योक्त्र
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Plural

• अश्वान्: horses
• अश्वान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अश्व
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• युगानि: yokes/pairs (harnesses)
• युगानि: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: युग
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Plural

• विविधानि: various
• विविधानि: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विविध
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Plural

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• हस्ति: elephants
• हस्ति: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: हस्तिन्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• अज्ञानि: unrecognized/unknown (things)
• अज्ञानि: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अज्ञ
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Plural

• तथा: likewise
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा

• अश्वान्: horses
• अश्वान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अश्व
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• मृतान्: dead
• मृतान्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मृत
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• पुरुषान्: men/persons
• पुरुषान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुरुष
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• बहून्: many
• बहून्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: बहु
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• chariot/vehicle fittings (shafts, poles, yokes, reins, harness)
• elephant-drivers (mahouts)
• men/warriors (wounded and dead)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse underscores the human cost of war: alongside broken equipment and scattered harness, the wounded and the dead lie in great numbers. It implicitly warns that martial glory is inseparable from suffering and mortality.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya is reporting to Dhṛtarāṣṭra what is visible on the battlefield: damaged chariot and elephant equipment, the presence of elephant-drivers, and many warriors who are injured or slain.