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Shloka 31

धृष्टद्युम्नस्य द्रोणाभिमुख्यं तथा सात्यकि-कर्ण-समागमः

Dhṛṣṭadyumna’s advance toward Droṇa and the Sātyaki–Karṇa confrontation

यदिच्छसि शिरश्नलास्य असिना हन्तुमाहवे | तथा कृच्छूगतं चैव सात्यकिं क: क्षमिष्यति,इसलिये तुम युद्धस्थलमें तलवारसे उसका सिर काट लेना चाहते थे। सात्यकिको वैसे संकटमें देखकर मेरे पक्षका कौन वीर सहन करेगा?

yad icchasi śiraś chindituṁ asiṇā hantum āhave | tathā kṛcchragataṁ caiva sātyakiṁ kaḥ kṣamiṣyati ||

నీవు నిజంగా యుద్ధంలో ఖడ్గంతో అతని శిరస్సు నరికివేసి సంహరించాలనుకున్నావంటే, అటువంటి ఆపదలో పడిన సాత్యకిని చూసి మా పక్షంలోని ఏ వీరుడు సహించగలడు?

यदिif
यदि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदि
इच्छसिyou desire / you wish
इच्छसि:
TypeVerb
Rootइष् (इच्छ्)
FormLat (present indicative), 2, singular, Parasmaipada
शिरःhead
शिरः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशिरस्
Formneuter, accusative, singular
नलस्यof Nala
नलस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootनल
Formmasculine, genitive, singular
असिनाwith a sword
असिना:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअसि
Formmasculine, instrumental, singular
हन्तुम्to kill / to strike down
हन्तुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
Formtumun (infinitive)
आहवेin battle
आहवे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootआहव
Formmasculine, locative, singular
तथाthus / in that manner
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
कृच्छ्र-उगतम्fallen into distress / come to hardship
कृच्छ्र-उगतम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootकृच्छ्र + उगत (गम्)
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed / just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
सात्यकिम्Satyaki (as object)
सात्यकिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसात्यकि
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
कःwho?
कः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
क्षमिष्यतिwill endure / will tolerate
क्षमिष्यति:
TypeVerb
Rootक्षम्
FormLrt (simple future), 3, singular, Parasmaipada

अर्जुन उवाच

A
Arjuna
S
Sātyaki
S
sword

Educational Q&A

Even amid righteous warfare, a warrior’s duty is shaped by responsibility toward allies: Arjuna frames the issue not as personal vengeance but as the moral and emotional impossibility of abandoning or calmly witnessing a comrade (Sātyaki) in extreme danger.

Arjuna addresses a battlefield decision: he refers to the intention to behead an opponent with a sword, and immediately connects it to the urgent predicament of Sātyaki—implying that the Pāṇḍava side cannot tolerate Sātyaki being trapped in peril and must respond decisively.