Shloka 13

अर्जुनस्य गुरुधर्मविलापः तथा शैनेयकर्णयोर्युद्धारम्भः | Arjuna’s Lament on Guru-Dharma and the Opening of the Sātyaki–Karṇa Duel

Devanagari script

मारुतोद्धूतवेगस्य सागरस्येव पर्वणि । माननीय नरेश! पूर्णिमाके दिन वायुके झकोरोंसे वेगपूर्वक ऊपर उठनेवाले महासागरके समान आपकी सेनामें बड़े चोर-जोरसे गर्जन-तर्जनका शब्द होने लगा ।। तानभिद्रवत: सर्वान्‌ समीक्ष्य शिनिपुड़व:

Transliteration

mārutoddhūtavegasya sāgarasyeva parvaṇi | mānanīya nareśa! pūrṇimāke dina vāyuke jhakorose vegapūrvaka ūpara uṭhanevāle mahāsāgarake samāna āpakī senāmeṃ baṛe cor-jora-se garjana-tarjanakā śabda hone lagā || tān abhidravatāḥ sarvān samīkṣya śinipuṅgavaḥ |

Translation

సంజయుడు పలికెను—ఓ గౌరవనీయ మహారాజా! పౌర్ణమి వేళ గాలివేగంతో ఉప్పొంగి ఎగసిపడే సముద్రంలా, మీ సైన్యంలో ఘోర గర్జనలు, బెదిరింపుల ఘోషలు ఉప్పొంగెను. వారందరూ దాడికి దూసుకొస్తుండగా శినివంశశ్రేష్ఠుడు (సాత్యకి) వారిని పరిశీలించెను.

Word by Word

मारुत-उद्धूत-वेगस्यof (one) whose speed is raised/driven by the wind

सागरस्यof the ocean

इवlike, as

पर्वणिon the (lunar) festival day / at the full-moon time

तान्them

भिद्रवत:shattering, breaking (as if to split)

सर्वान्all

समीक्ष्यhaving observed / having looked at

शिनि-पुंगवःthe bull among the Shinis (best of the Shinis)

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

Sañjaya

Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by address nareśa)

Śinipuṅgava (foremost of the Śinis; typically Sātyaki)

the ocean (sāgara)

wind (māruta)

full-moon day (pūrṇimā)

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

War Context

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Geographic Context

Cross References

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights how collective aggression and fear can swell into a single overwhelming force—like a wind-driven ocean—reminding the listener that war amplifies passions and that leaders must recognize and govern such surges rather than be swept away by them.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports to the king that the Kaurava host erupts in a thunderous battle-cry, compared to the ocean rising under strong winds at the full-moon tide; then the foremost Śini warrior (commonly understood as Sātyaki) observes the opposing rush.