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Shloka 5

कर्मयोग–ज्ञानयज्ञ–अवतारोपदेश

Karma-Yoga, Jñāna-Yajña, and Avatāra Instruction

अर्जुन बोले--हे मधुसूदन! मैं रणभूमिमें किस प्रकार बाणोंसे भीष्मपपितामह और द्रोणाचार्यके विरुद्ध लडूँगा? क्योंकि हे अरिसूदन! वे दोनों ही पूजनीय हैं ।। गुरूनहत्वा हि महानुभावान्‌ श्रेयो भोक्तुं भैक्ष्य्मपीह लोके । हत्वार्थकामांस्तु गुरूनिहैव भुज्जीय भोगान्‌ रुधिरप्रदिग्धान्‌,इसलिये इन महानुभाव गुरुजनोंको न मारकर मैं इस लोकमें भिक्षाका अन्न भी खाना कल्याणकारक समझता हूँ; क्योंकि गुरुजनोंको मारकर भी इस लोकमें रुधिरसे सने हुए अर्थ और कामरूप भोगोंको ही तो भोगूँगा

arjuna uvāca—he madhusūdana! raṇabhūmau kathaṁ bāṇaiḥ bhīṣma-pitāmahaṁ droṇācāryaṁ ca viruddhaṁ yotsye? he ari-sūdana! ubhau hi tau pūjanīyau. gurūn ahatvā hi mahānubhāvān śreyo bhoktuṁ bhaikṣyam apīha loke; hatvārtha-kāmāṁs tu gurūn ihaiva bhuñjīya bhogān rudhira-pradigdhān.

అర్జునుడు పలికెను—హే మధుసూదన! యుద్ధభూమిలో నేను బాణాలతో భీష్మ పితామహుని, ద్రోణాచార్యుని ఎదిరించి ఎలా యుద్ధం చేయగలను? హే అరిసూదన! వారు ఇద్దరూ పూజనీయులు. ఈ మహానుభావ గురువులను చంపక ఈ లోకంలో భిక్షాన్నమే తినడం నాకు శ్రేయస్కరం; ఎందుకంటే గురువులను చంపి ఇక్కడ నేను రక్తంతో మసకబారిన ధన-కామభోగాలనే అనుభవిస్తాను।

गुरून्teachers/elders
गुरून्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगुरु
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अहत्वाwithout killing
अहत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage), having not killed
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
महानुभावान्great-souled (persons)
महानुभावान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootमहानुभाव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
श्रेयःbetter/good
श्रेयः:
TypeNoun
Rootश्रेयस्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
भोक्तुम्to eat/to enjoy
भोक्तुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootभुज्
Formतुमुन् (infinitive), to eat/enjoy
भैक्ष्यम्alms (food from begging)
भैक्ष्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभैक्ष्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अपिeven/also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
इहhere (in this world)
इह:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह
लोकेin the world
लोके:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootलोक
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
हत्वाhaving killed
हत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), having killed
अर्थकामान्wealth and pleasures
अर्थकामान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअर्थकाम
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
तुbut
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
गुरून्teachers/elders
गुरून्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगुरु
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
इहhere
इह:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह
एवonly/indeed
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
भुञ्जीयI would enjoy/eat
भुञ्जीय:
TypeVerb
Rootभुज्
FormVidhi-linga (optative), Present-system, First, Singular, Atmanepada
भोगान्enjoyments
भोगान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभोग
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
रुधिरप्रदिग्धान्smeared with blood
रुधिरप्रदिग्धान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootरुधिर-प्रदिग्ध
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural, क्त (past passive participle) from प्र+दिह्/दिग्ध

अजुन उवाच

A
Arjuna
K
Krishna (Madhusūdana, Ari-sūdana)
B
Bhishma (Pitāmaha)
D
Drona (Droṇācārya)
K
Kurukshetra battlefield (raṇabhūmi)

Educational Q&A

Arjuna frames a moral conflict: victory gained by killing revered teachers and elders would make any resulting wealth and pleasure ethically tainted—“stained with blood.” The verse foregrounds the tension between personal reverence (guru/elder veneration) and the harsh demands of righteous warfare, setting up the need for a deeper dharmic resolution.

On the battlefield, Arjuna addresses Kṛṣṇa and hesitates to fight because the opposing commanders include Bhīṣma (the grandsire) and Droṇa (his teacher). He argues that it would be better to live by begging than to kill such venerable figures and then enjoy the spoils of war.