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Shloka 7

Kāma–Mamatā–Upadeśa

Discourse on Desire, Possessiveness, and Ritual Duty

अथवा वसतः: पार्थ वने वन्येन जीवत: । ममता यस्य द्रव्येषु मृत्योरास्ये स वर्तते,किंतु कुन्तीनन्दन! जो वनमें रहकर जंगली फल-मूलोंसे ही जीवन-निर्वाह करता है, उसकी भी यदि द्रव्योंमें ममता है तो वह मौतके मुखमें ही विद्यमान है

athavā vasataḥ pārtha vane vanyena jīvataḥ | mamatā yasya dravyeṣu mṛtyor āsye sa vartate ||

హే పార్థా! ఎవడైనా అరణ్యంలో నివసించి అడవి ఫలమూలాలతోనే జీవనాన్ని నడిపినా, ద్రవ్యాలపై ‘నాది’ అనే మమకారం ఉంటే అతడు మరణముఖంలోనే నివసిస్తున్నవాడే. బాహ్య సన్యాసరూపం రక్షించదు; అంతరంగ అనాసక్తియే పతనాన్ని దూరం చేస్తుంది.

अथवाor else
अथवा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथवा
वसतःof (one) dwelling
वसतः:
TypeVerb
Rootवस् (धातु)
Formशतृ-प्रत्यय (वर्तमान कृदन्त), Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
पार्थO son of Pritha (Arjuna)
पार्थ:
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
वनेin the forest
वने:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootवन
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
वन्येनby/with wild (food)
वन्येन:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootवन्य
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
जीवत:of (one) living
जीवत::
TypeVerb
Rootजीव् (धातु)
Formशतृ-प्रत्यय (वर्तमान कृदन्त), Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
ममताpossessiveness, attachment
ममता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootममता
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
यस्यwhose
यस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
द्रव्येषुin possessions/objects
द्रव्येषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootद्रव्य
FormNeuter, Locative, Plural
मृत्योःof death
मृत्योः:
TypeNoun
Rootमृत्यु
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
आस्येin the mouth
आस्ये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootआस्य
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वर्ततेexists, remains
वर्तते:
TypeVerb
Rootवृत् (धातु)
FormPresent (Lat), Atmanepada, Third, Singular

वायुदेव उवाच

V
Vāyudeva (Wind-god)
P
Pārtha (Arjuna)
V
vana (forest)
M
mṛtyu (Death)

Educational Q&A

External austerity—such as living in a forest on wild fruits and roots—does not by itself free a person. If possessiveness (mamatā) toward possessions persists, one remains spiritually endangered, described as being ‘in the mouth of Death’. True safety lies in inner non-attachment.

Vāyudeva addresses Arjuna (Pārtha) and warns him through a pointed example: even a forest-dweller living on minimal means can be bound by craving and ownership. The instruction shifts attention from outward lifestyle to inward attitude.