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Shloka 9

Śrāddha-Kalpa: Pitṛ-Pūjā and Tithi-Phala (श्राद्धकल्पः पितृपूजा च तिथिफलम्)

कस्माच्च पावन श्रेष्ठ भूमेगों भ्यक्ष काउ्चनम्‌ । परम॑ दक्षिणार्थ च तद्‌ ब्रवीहि पितामह,पितामह! क्‍यों सुवर्ण पृथ्वी और गौओंसे भी पावन और श्रेष्ठ है? दक्षिणाके लिये सबसे उत्तम वह क्यों माना गया है? यह मुझे बताइये

Yudhiṣṭhira uvāca: kasmāc ca pāvanaśreṣṭhaṁ bhūmeḥ gobhyaś ca kāñcanam | paramaṁ dakṣiṇārthaṁ ca tad bravīhi pitāmaha ||

యుధిష్ఠిరుడు అన్నాడు— పితామహా! స్వర్ణం భూమి, గోవులకన్నా కూడా ఎక్కువ పవిత్రమై శ్రేష్ఠమని ఎందుకు భావిస్తారు? దక్షిణగా అది ఎందుకు పరమమని చెప్పబడుతుంది? దయచేసి వివరించండి.

कस्मात्from what cause? why?
कस्मात्:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
Formneuter, ablative, singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पावनात्than (what is) purifying
पावनात्:
Apadana
TypeAdjective
Rootपावन
Formneuter, ablative, singular
श्रेष्ठम्best, most excellent
श्रेष्ठम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootश्रेष्ठ
Formneuter, nominative, singular
भूमेःthan the earth
भूमेः:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootभूमि
Formfeminine, ablative, singular
गोभ्यःthan cows
गोभ्यः:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootगो
Formfeminine, ablative, plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
काञ्चनम्gold
काञ्चनम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकाञ्चन
Formneuter, nominative, singular
परम्supreme, highest
परम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootपर
Formneuter, nominative, singular
दक्षिणा-अर्थम्for the purpose of priestly fee (dakṣiṇā)
दक्षिणा-अर्थम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदक्षिणा + अर्थ
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तत्that (matter)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formneuter, accusative, singular
ब्रवीहिtell (me)
ब्रवीहि:
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू
Formimperative, 2nd, singular, parasmaipada
पितामहO grandsire
पितामह:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootपितामह
Formmasculine, vocative, singular
पितामहO grandsire
पितामह:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootपितामह
Formmasculine, vocative, singular

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
P
Pitāmaha (Bhīṣma)
G
gold (kāñcana)
E
earth/land (bhūmi)
C
cows (go)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames an inquiry into dāna-dharma: what makes a gift spiritually purifying and why certain gifts—especially gold—are treated as preeminent for dakṣiṇā. It sets up an ethical discussion on merit, purity, and the proper means of supporting sacred and social duties through giving.

In the Anuśāsana Parva’s instruction on dharma, Yudhiṣṭhira respectfully questions Pitāmaha Bhīṣma, asking him to explain the traditional valuation of gold as superior in purity even compared to land and cows, and as the best form of dakṣiṇā.