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Shloka 20

Brāhmaṇa-vandana: Criteria for Veneration, Disciplined Speech, and Protective Kingship (अनुशासनपर्व, अध्याय ८)

यथा भार्त्राश्रियो धर्म: स्त्रीणां लोके युधिष्ठिर । स देव: सा गतिर्नन्या क्षत्रियस्य तथा द्विजा:,युधिष्ठिर! जैसे स्त्रियोंके लिये पतिकी सेवा ही संसारमें सबसे बड़ा धर्म है, पति ही उनका देवता और वही उनकी परम गति है, उनके लिये दूसरी कोई गति नहीं है; उसी प्रकार क्षत्रियके लिये ब्राह्मणकी सेवा ही परम धर्म है। ब्राह्मण ही उनका देवता और परम गति है, दूसरा नहीं

yathā bhartṛ-āśrayo dharmaḥ strīṇāṃ loke yudhiṣṭhira | sa devaḥ sā gatir nānyā kṣatriyasya tathā dvijāḥ ||

భీష్ముడు పలికెను—ఓ యుధిష్ఠిరా, ఈ లోకంలో స్త్రీల ధర్మం భర్తపై ఆధారపడినదిగా చెప్పబడుతుంది—భర్తనే ఆమె దేవుడు, భర్తనే ఆమె పరమ గతి; మరొక తుదిశరణ లేదు. అలాగే క్షత్రియునికి బ్రాహ్మణుల సేవా-గౌరవమే పరమ ధర్మం. బ్రాహ్మణులే అతని దేవులు, అతని పరమ ఆశ్రయం; మరొకటి లేదు.

यथाjust as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
भर्तृ-आश्रयःhaving the husband as support
भर्तृ-आश्रयः:
TypeAdjective
Rootआश्रय (प्रातिपदिक); भर्तृ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
धर्मःduty, dharma
धर्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्त्रीणाम्of women
स्त्रीणाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootस्त्री
FormFeminine, Genitive, Plural
लोकेin the world
लोके:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootलोक
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
युधिष्ठिरO Yudhiṣṭhira
युधिष्ठिर:
TypeNoun
Rootयुधिष्ठिर
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
सःhe/that (one)
सः:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
देवःgod, lord
देवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदेव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
साshe/that (same)
सा:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
गतिःgoal, refuge, final course
गतिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगति
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अन्याother
अन्या:
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्य
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
क्षत्रियस्यof a kṣatriya
क्षत्रियस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootक्षत्रिय
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
तथाso, likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
द्विजाःbrahmins (twice-born)
द्विजाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootद्विज
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
S
strī (women)
B
bhartṛ (husband)
K
kṣatriya
D
dvija (brāhmaṇas/twice-born)

Educational Q&A

Bhīṣma frames dharma as a relationship of acknowledged dependence and reverence: as a wife’s social-religious duty is portrayed as centered on her husband as ‘deva’ and ‘gati’, so a kṣatriya’s highest duty is to honor and serve brāhmaṇas, treating them as the primary spiritual authority and refuge.

In the Anuśāsana Parva’s instruction section, Bhīṣma continues advising Yudhiṣṭhira on proper conduct and social duties. Here he uses an analogy to emphasize the kṣatriya’s obligation to support and defer to brāhmaṇas as part of maintaining dharma in society.